Team:Lethbridge/Project

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== Project Details==
== Project Details==
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Many of the metabolic processes in eukaryotic cells are localized to various subcellular compartments. For example, transcription of mRNA from DNA is localized in the nucleus; post-translational modification and folding of proteins occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum (Voet et al., 2004).  [[Image:YFP_CFP_Lumazine1.png|right|275px]] This essentially segregates and regulates these processes. However, bacteria lack distinct organelles, and as such, many metabolic processes intermingle. Engineering an artificial organelle, capable of containing metabolic proteins, in bacteria would thus represent a fundamental advance in biotechnology. Towards this end, the University of Lethbridge iGEM team is working towards producing microcompartments from the lumazine synthase gene, which forms 60 subunit icosahedral capsids (Seebeck et al., 2006).  
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Many of the metabolic processes in eukaryotic cells are localized to various subcellular compartments. For example, transcription of mRNA from DNA is localized in the nucleus; post-translational modification and folding of proteins occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum (Voet et al., 2004).  [[Image:YFP_CFP_Lumazine1.png|left|350px]] This essentially segregates and regulates these processes. However, bacteria lack distinct organelles, and as such, many metabolic processes intermingle. Engineering an artificial organelle, capable of containing metabolic proteins, in bacteria would thus represent a fundamental advance in biotechnology. Towards this end, the University of Lethbridge iGEM team is working towards producing microcompartments from the lumazine synthase gene, which forms 60 subunit icosahedral capsids (Seebeck et al., 2006).  
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[[Image:YFP_CFP_fret1.png|left|275px]]
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By generating a highly negative interior to the microcompartment, we hope to be able to target fluorescent proteins tagged with positively charged termini to the interior of the microcompartment (Figure 1). Utilizing fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) between cyan and yellow fluorescent proteins, we will demonstrate the co-localization of these two proteins into the microcompartment.  
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By generating a highly negative interior to the microcompartment, we hope to be able to target fluorescent proteins tagged with positively charged termini to the interior of the microcompartment (Figure 1). Utilizing fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) between cyan and yellow fluorescent proteins, we will demonstrate the co-localization of these two proteins into the microcompartment (Figure 2).  
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[[Image:Nanoparticles2.png|right|350px]]
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[[Image:Nanoparticles1.png|right|275px]]
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For the future application of this technology we are working towards the targeting of proteins from the photosynthetic pathway into the microcompartment to optimize a biological photosynthetic fuel cell.  The segregation of proteins and metabolites increases the efficiency of cellular processes and following this theme, we are working towards creating uniform nanoparticles Through the segregation of Mms6 protein within Escherichia coli (Figure 2). (Prozorov et al., 2007).
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For the future application of this technology we are working towards the targeting of proteins from the photosynthetic pathway into the microcompartment to optimize a biological photosynthetic fuel cell.  The segregation of proteins and metabolites increases the efficiency of cellular processes and following this theme, we are working towards creating uniform nanoparticles Through the segregation of Mms6 protein within Escherichia coli (Figure 3). (Prozorov et al., 2007).
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We have also created a novel tool, the N and C terminus phusion vectors (BBa_K249004 and BBa_K249005) which will allow the targeting of any protein into the lumazine microcompartment.  These vectors are an important highlight of the teams project.
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We have also created a novel tool, the N and C terminus phusion vectors (BBa_K249004 and BBa_K249005) which will allow the targeting of any protein into the lumazine microcompartment.  These vectors are an important highlight of the team's project, as they create a straightforward method for introducing the positively charged arginine tail onto any protein using standard biobrick assembly methods.
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The pStrong:Riboswitch:cheZ:dT construct is designed as a regulated motility construct. This gene has been designed to introduce regulated motility, to our motility knockout strain of E. coli, RP1616. In order to determine the mobility of our bacteria, we will qualitatively measure the apparent mobility of our bug in the absence and the presence of different concentrations of theophylline. We intend to do this in several different ways.  
The pStrong:Riboswitch:cheZ:dT construct is designed as a regulated motility construct. This gene has been designed to introduce regulated motility, to our motility knockout strain of E. coli, RP1616. In order to determine the mobility of our bacteria, we will qualitatively measure the apparent mobility of our bug in the absence and the presence of different concentrations of theophylline. We intend to do this in several different ways.  
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The first of which is simply a motility test. We will stab some of our bacteria into a motility media, in order to determine whether or not our bacteria are motile. A control of regular DH5a cells will be used as well.
The first of which is simply a motility test. We will stab some of our bacteria into a motility media, in order to determine whether or not our bacteria are motile. A control of regular DH5a cells will be used as well.
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The second is to plate the RP1616 cells with the motility construct on Plates containing different concentrations of theophylline. The cells which are plated where no theophylline is present are not expected to migrate from their original placement; Cells plated on relatively low concentrations (0.1 µM theophylline) are expected to migrate only slightly; and cells plated at moderate concentrations of theophylline (1 µM) are expected to migrate a fair distance; cells which are plated at concentration above the threshold for survival (1.5 – 2.0 µM) are not expected to survive.
The second is to plate the RP1616 cells with the motility construct on Plates containing different concentrations of theophylline. The cells which are plated where no theophylline is present are not expected to migrate from their original placement; Cells plated on relatively low concentrations (0.1 µM theophylline) are expected to migrate only slightly; and cells plated at moderate concentrations of theophylline (1 µM) are expected to migrate a fair distance; cells which are plated at concentration above the threshold for survival (1.5 – 2.0 µM) are not expected to survive.
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The third method for determining relative motility is to view the movement of the cells via a microscope. Control cells (DH5a) are expected to have superb motility; RP1616 cells transformed with the motility construct are expected to behave differently at different concentrations of theophylline. Cells where no theophylline is present are expected to experience on a tumbling-like motion. Cells where low concentrations of theophylline are present are expected to mostly tumble, but some running is expected. Cells which are present under moderate concentrations of theophylline are expected to exhibit mostly a running motion. Cells which are present at theophylline concentrations above the threshold for survival are not expected to exhibit any motility whatsoever.
The third method for determining relative motility is to view the movement of the cells via a microscope. Control cells (DH5a) are expected to have superb motility; RP1616 cells transformed with the motility construct are expected to behave differently at different concentrations of theophylline. Cells where no theophylline is present are expected to experience on a tumbling-like motion. Cells where low concentrations of theophylline are present are expected to mostly tumble, but some running is expected. Cells which are present under moderate concentrations of theophylline are expected to exhibit mostly a running motion. Cells which are present at theophylline concentrations above the threshold for survival are not expected to exhibit any motility whatsoever.
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===FRET===
===FRET===
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[[Image:YFP_CFP_fret2.png|right|400px]]
Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer, FRET will be used to determine the colocalization of two fluorescent proteins within the microcompartment. Yellow Fluorescent Protein (YFP) and Cyan Fluorescent Protein (CFP) are FRET pairs and are thus perfect for this application.
Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer, FRET will be used to determine the colocalization of two fluorescent proteins within the microcompartment. Yellow Fluorescent Protein (YFP) and Cyan Fluorescent Protein (CFP) are FRET pairs and are thus perfect for this application.
The way that FRET works is that a donor molecule, in this case CFP, is excited by the application of an initial wavelength. The excited CFP emits fluorescence energy at a wavelength similar to that at which the acceptor molecule, in this case YFP, is excited. The fluorescence energy is thus transferred from molecule to another at that resonance wavelength. The acceptor molecule then emits fluorescence energy of its own at a wavelength which is distinguishable from the rest of the excitation and emission wavelengths. The energy transfer is distance dependent. If the two molecules are close in proximity (1 – 10 nm) the energy is transferred efficiently. The further away the two molecules are, the less efficient the energy transfer, and finally if the two molecules are too far away (more than 10 nm apart) the energy will not be transferred at all.
The way that FRET works is that a donor molecule, in this case CFP, is excited by the application of an initial wavelength. The excited CFP emits fluorescence energy at a wavelength similar to that at which the acceptor molecule, in this case YFP, is excited. The fluorescence energy is thus transferred from molecule to another at that resonance wavelength. The acceptor molecule then emits fluorescence energy of its own at a wavelength which is distinguishable from the rest of the excitation and emission wavelengths. The energy transfer is distance dependent. If the two molecules are close in proximity (1 – 10 nm) the energy is transferred efficiently. The further away the two molecules are, the less efficient the energy transfer, and finally if the two molecules are too far away (more than 10 nm apart) the energy will not be transferred at all.
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== Results ==
== Results ==
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==Fluorescence===
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===Fluorescence===
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Two constructs (EYFP with either N- or C-terminal 10Arg (10R) tags) were characterized by the following procedure, either in the presence or absence of 0.4% w/v arabinose.
Two constructs (EYFP with either N- or C-terminal 10Arg (10R) tags) were characterized by the following procedure, either in the presence or absence of 0.4% w/v arabinose.
Briefly, 5 mL cultures (LB + 10 mg/mL ampicillin, with or without 0.4 % w/v arabinose) were inoculated with 1 mL of previously prepared culture of E. coli DH5α containing the EYFP constructs. After 1 hour growth at 37 °C (with shaking), 1 mL of the culture was harvested. Cells were centrifuged (13500 g, 5 min) and resuspended in 1 mL of either 8 M urea or buffer TAKM7 (50 mM Tris-Cl pH 7.5 at room temperature, 30 mM NH4Cl, 70 mM KCl, 7 mM MgCl2) containing 1 mg/mL lysozyme. Following a 10 min incubation at room temperature, cell debris was removed by centrifugation (13500 g, 5 min). The fluorescence of the resulting clear cell debris was determined using a Varian Cary Eclipse Fluorescence Spectrophotometer in quartz cuvettes, referenced with respect to the background fluorescence of either 8 M urea or buffer TAKM7. The fluorescence of EYFP was excited at 514 nm; the fluorescence emission was measured through 5 nm slits from 520 to 600 nm. The results are summarized below:
Briefly, 5 mL cultures (LB + 10 mg/mL ampicillin, with or without 0.4 % w/v arabinose) were inoculated with 1 mL of previously prepared culture of E. coli DH5α containing the EYFP constructs. After 1 hour growth at 37 °C (with shaking), 1 mL of the culture was harvested. Cells were centrifuged (13500 g, 5 min) and resuspended in 1 mL of either 8 M urea or buffer TAKM7 (50 mM Tris-Cl pH 7.5 at room temperature, 30 mM NH4Cl, 70 mM KCl, 7 mM MgCl2) containing 1 mg/mL lysozyme. Following a 10 min incubation at room temperature, cell debris was removed by centrifugation (13500 g, 5 min). The fluorescence of the resulting clear cell debris was determined using a Varian Cary Eclipse Fluorescence Spectrophotometer in quartz cuvettes, referenced with respect to the background fluorescence of either 8 M urea or buffer TAKM7. The fluorescence of EYFP was excited at 514 nm; the fluorescence emission was measured through 5 nm slits from 520 to 600 nm. The results are summarized below:
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[[Image:Results_fig_1.png|400px|left]]            [[Image:Results_fig_2.png|400px|right]]
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[[Image:Results_fig_11.png|500px|left]]             
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                                                          [[Image:Results_fig_21.png|450px|right]]
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These results indicate that cells express either N- or C-terminal 10R tagged YFP, as shown by an increase in the fluorescence of cleared cell lysates. This fluorescence can be removed by treating cell lysates with 8 M urea, which would denature the protein, reducing the fluorescence of the lysate. This is demonstrated by a change of 10 fluorescence units between total cellular proteins under native conditions compared to denaturing conditions.
These results indicate that cells express either N- or C-terminal 10R tagged YFP, as shown by an increase in the fluorescence of cleared cell lysates. This fluorescence can be removed by treating cell lysates with 8 M urea, which would denature the protein, reducing the fluorescence of the lysate. This is demonstrated by a change of 10 fluorescence units between total cellular proteins under native conditions compared to denaturing conditions.
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<!-- Add-On Code: IE Over Select Fix -->
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<script type="text/javascript">/* <![CDATA[ */if(window.showHelp&&!window.XMLHttpRequest){if(qmad.bvis.indexOf("qm_over_select(b.cdiv);")==-1){qmad.bvis+="qm_over_select(b.cdiv);";qmad.bhide+="qm_over_select(a,1);";}};function qm_over_select(a,hide){var z;if((z=window.qmv)&&(z=z.addons)&&(z=z.over_select)&&!z["on"+qm_index(a)])return;if(!a.settingsid){var v=a;while(!qm_a(v))v=v[qp];a.settingsid=v.id;}var ss=qmad[a.settingsid];if(!ss)return;if(!ss.overselects_active)return;if(!hide&&!a.hasselectfix){var f=document.createElement("IFRAME");f.style.position="absolute";f.style.filter="alpha(opacity=0)";f.src="javascript:false;";f=a.parentNode.appendChild(f);f.frameborder=0;a.hasselectfix=f;}var b=a.hasselectfix;if(b){if(hide)b.style.display="none";else {var oxy=0;if(a.hasshadow&&a.hasshadow.style.visibility=="inherit")oxy=parseInt(ss.shadow_offset);if(!oxy)oxy=0;b.style.width=a.offsetWidth+oxy;b.style.height=a.offsetHeight+oxy;b.style.top=a.style.top;b.style.left=a.style.left;b.style.margin=a.currentStyle.margin;b.style.display="block";}}}/* ]]> */</script>
 +
</head>
 +
<body>
 +
<ul id="qm0" class="qmmc">
 +
 +
<li><a href="https://2009.igem.org/Team:Lethbridge">Home</a></li>
 +
<li><a href="https://2009.igem.org/Team:Lethbridge/Project">Top of Page</a></li>
 +
<li class="qmclear">&nbsp;</li></ul>
 +
 +
<!-- Create Menu Settings: (Menu ID, Is Vertical, Show Timer, Hide Timer, On Click (options: 'all' * 'all-always-open' * 'main' * 'lev2'), Right to Left, Horizontal Subs, Flush Left, Flush Top) -->
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<script type="text/javascript">qm_create(0,false,0,500,false,false,false,false,false);</script>
 +
</body>
 +
</html>
 +
 +
 +
===Sequencing===
 +
 +
===Lumazine (K249002)===
 +
 +
Score =  809 bits (1860),  Expect = 0.0
 +
 +
Identities = 465/465 (100%), Gaps = 0/465 (0%)
 +
 +
Strand=Plus/Plus
 +
 +
Query  112  ATGCAGATTTATGAAGGCAAACTGACCGCGGAAGGCCTGCGCTTTGGCATTGTGGCGAGC  171
 +
         
 +
Sbjct  1    ATGCAGATTTATGAAGGCAAACTGACCGCGGAAGGCCTGCGCTTTGGCATTGTGGCGAGC  60
 +
 +
 +
Query  172  CGCTTTAACCATGCGCTGGTGGATCGCCTGGTGGAAGGCGCGATTGATTGCATTGTGCGC  231
 +
         
 +
Sbjct  61  CGCTTTAACCATGCGCTGGTGGATCGCCTGGTGGAAGGCGCGATTGATTGCATTGTGCGC  120
 +
 +
 +
Query  232  CATGGTGGTCGCGAAGAAGATATTACCCTGGTGCGCGTGCCGGGCAGCTGGGAAATTCCG  291
 +
         
 +
Sbjct  121  CATGGTGGTCGCGAAGAAGATATTACCCTGGTGCGCGTGCCGGGCAGCTGGGAAATTCCG  180
 +
 +
 +
Query  292  GTGGCGGCGGGCGAACTGGCGCGCAAAGAAGATATTGATGCGGTGATTGCGATTGGCGTG  351
 +
         
 +
Sbjct  181  GTGGCGGCGGGCGAACTGGCGCGCAAAGAAGATATTGATGCGGTGATTGCGATTGGCGTG  240
 +
 +
 +
Query  352  CTGATTGAAGGCGCGGAACCGCATTTTGATTATATTGCGAGCGAAGTGAGCAAAGGCCTG  411
 +
           
 +
Sbjct  241  CTGATTGAAGGCGCGGAACCGCATTTTGATTATATTGCGAGCGAAGTGAGCAAAGGCCTG  300
 +
 +
 +
Query  412  GCGAACCTGAGCCTGGAACTGCGCAAACCGATTACCTTTGGCGTGATTACCGCGGATGAA  471
 +
         
 +
Sbjct  301  GCGAACCTGAGCCTGGAACTGCGCAAACCGATTACCTTTGGCGTGATTACCGCGGATGAA  360
 +
 +
 +
Query  472  CTGGAAGAAGCGATTGAACGCGCGGGCACCAAACATGGCAACAAAGGCTGGGAAGCGGCG  531
 +
           
 +
Sbjct  361  CTGGAAGAAGCGATTGAACGCGCGGGCACCAAACATGGCAACAAAGGCTGGGAAGCGGCG  420
 +
 +
 +
Query  532  CTGAGCGCGATTGAAATGGCGAACCTGTTTAAAAGCCTGCGCTAG  576
 +
         
 +
Sbjct  421  CTGAGCGCGATTGAAATGGCGAACCTGTTTAAAAGCCTGCGCTAG  465
<html>
<html>
Line 1,210: Line 1,497:
<script type="text/javascript">qm_create(0,false,0,500,false,false,false,false,false);</script>
<script type="text/javascript">qm_create(0,false,0,500,false,false,false,false,false);</script>
</body>
</body>
 +
</html>
 +
 +
===Lumazine-dT (S042....)===
 +
 +
>lcl|33723
 +
 +
Length=465
 +
 +
Score =  809 bits (1860),  Expect = 0.0
 +
 +
Identities = 465/465 (100%), Gaps = 0/465 (0%)
 +
 +
Strand=Plus/Plus
 +
 +
Query  108  ATGCAGATTTATGAAGGCAAACTGACCGCGGAAGGCCTGCGCTTTGGCATTGTGGCGAGC  167
 +
         
 +
Sbjct  1    ATGCAGATTTATGAAGGCAAACTGACCGCGGAAGGCCTGCGCTTTGGCATTGTGGCGAGC  60
 +
 +
 +
Query  168  CGCTTTAACCATGCGCTGGTGGATCGCCTGGTGGAAGGCGCGATTGATTGCATTGTGCGC  227
 +
         
 +
Sbjct  61  CGCTTTAACCATGCGCTGGTGGATCGCCTGGTGGAAGGCGCGATTGATTGCATTGTGCGC  120
 +
 +
 +
Query  228  CATGGTGGTCGCGAAGAAGATATTACCCTGGTGCGCGTGCCGGGCAGCTGGGAAATTCCG  287
 +
       
 +
Sbjct  121  CATGGTGGTCGCGAAGAAGATATTACCCTGGTGCGCGTGCCGGGCAGCTGGGAAATTCCG  180
 +
 +
 +
Query  288  GTGGCGGCGGGCGAACTGGCGCGCAAAGAAGATATTGATGCGGTGATTGCGATTGGCGTG  347
 +
         
 +
Sbjct  181  GTGGCGGCGGGCGAACTGGCGCGCAAAGAAGATATTGATGCGGTGATTGCGATTGGCGTG  240
 +
 +
 +
Query  348  CTGATTGAAGGCGCGGAACCGCATTTTGATTATATTGCGAGCGAAGTGAGCAAAGGCCTG  407
 +
         
 +
Sbjct  241  CTGATTGAAGGCGCGGAACCGCATTTTGATTATATTGCGAGCGAAGTGAGCAAAGGCCTG  300
 +
 +
 +
Query  408  GCGAACCTGAGCCTGGAACTGCGCAAACCGATTACCTTTGGCGTGATTACCGCGGATGAA  467
 +
       
 +
Sbjct  301  GCGAACCTGAGCCTGGAACTGCGCAAACCGATTACCTTTGGCGTGATTACCGCGGATGAA  360
 +
 +
 +
Query  468  CTGGAAGAAGCGATTGAACGCGCGGGCACCAAACATGGCAACAAAGGCTGGGAAGCGGCG  527
 +
       
 +
Sbjct  361  CTGGAAGAAGCGATTGAACGCGCGGGCACCAAACATGGCAACAAAGGCTGGGAAGCGGCG  420
 +
 +
 +
Query  528  CTGAGCGCGATTGAAATGGCGAACCTGTTTAAAAGCCTGCGCTAG  572
 +
           
 +
Sbjct  421  CTGAGCGCGATTGAAATGGCGAACCTGTTTAAAAGCCTGCGCTAG  465
 +
 +
 +
 +
===pBAD-TetR inverter===
 +
 +
Score = 17.3 bits (36),  Expect = 6.6
 +
 +
Identities = 509/509 (100%), Gaps = 0/509 (0%)
 +
 +
Strand=Plus/Minus
 +
 +
<html>
 +
<head>
 +
 +
<!--%%%%%%%%%%%% QuickMenu Styles [Keep in head for full validation!] %%%%%%%%%%%-->
 +
<style type="text/css">
 +
 +
 +
/*!!!!!!!!!!! QuickMenu Core CSS [Do Not Modify!] !!!!!!!!!!!!!*/
 +
.qmmc .qmdivider{display:block;font-size:1px;border-width:0px;border-style:solid;position:relative;z-index:1;}.qmmc .qmdividery{float:left;width:0px;}.qmmc .qmtitle{display:block;cursor:default;white-space:nowrap;position:relative;z-index:1;}.qmclear {font-size:1px;height:0px;width:0px;clear:left;line-height:0px;display:block;float:none !important;}.qmmc {position:relative;zoom:1;z-index:10;}.qmmc a, .qmmc li {float:left;display:block;white-space:nowrap;position:relative;z-index:1;}.qmmc div a, .qmmc ul a, .qmmc ul li {float:none;}.qmsh div a {float:left;}.qmmc div{visibility:hidden;position:absolute;}.qmmc .qmcbox{cursor:default;display:block;position:relative;z-index:1;}.qmmc .qmcbox a{display:inline;}.qmmc .qmcbox div{float:none;position:static;visibility:inherit;left:auto;}.qmmc li {z-index:auto;}.qmmc ul {left:-10000px;position:absolute;z-index:10;}.qmmc, .qmmc ul {list-style:none;padding:0px;margin:0px;}.qmmc li a {float:none;}.qmmc li:hover>ul{left:auto;}#qm0 ul {top:100%;}#qm0 ul li:hover>ul{top:0px;left:100%;}
 +
 +
 +
/*!!!!!!!!!!! QuickMenu Styles [Please Modify!] !!!!!!!!!!!*/
 +
 +
 +
/* QuickMenu 0 */
 +
 +
/*"""""""" (MAIN) Container""""""""*/
 +
#qm0
 +
{
 +
width:auto;
 +
background-color:transparent;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" (MAIN) Items""""""""*/
 +
#qm0 a
 +
{
 +
padding:5px 60px 3px 0px;
 +
margin:0px 5px 0px 0px;
 +
color:#FFD600;
 +
font-family:Arial;
 +
font-size:12px;
 +
text-decoration:none;
 +
font-weight:bold;
 +
border-width:0px 0px 8px 0px;
 +
border-style:solid;
 +
border-color:#FFD600;
 +
}
 +
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 +
/*"""""""" (MAIN) Hover State""""""""*/
 +
#qm0 a:hover
 +
{
 +
color:#3C13AF;
 +
border-color:#FFAD00;
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}
 +
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 +
/*"""""""" (MAIN) Hover State - (duplicated for pure CSS)""""""""*/
 +
#qm0 li:hover>a
 +
{
 +
color:#3C13AF;
 +
border-color:#FFAD00;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" (MAIN) Parent Items""""""""*/
 +
#qm0 .qmparent
 +
{
 +
background-repeat:no-repeat;
 +
background-position:95% 50%;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" (MAIN) Active State""""""""*/
 +
body #qm0 .qmactive, body #qm0 .qmactive:hover
 +
{
 +
color:#3C13AF;
 +
text-decoration:none;
 +
border-color:#FFAD00;
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}
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 +
/*"""""""" (SUB) Container""""""""*/
 +
#qm0 div, #qm0 ul
 +
{
 +
padding:10px 5px 10px 5px;
 +
background-color:#EEEEEE;
 +
border-width:1px;
 +
border-style:solid;
 +
border-color:#3C13AF;
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}
 +
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 +
/*"""""""" (SUB) Items""""""""*/
 +
#qm0 div a, #qm0 ul a
 +
{
 +
padding:3px 5px 3px 5px;
 +
background-color:transparent;
 +
color:#230672;
 +
font-size:11px;
 +
font-weight:normal;
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border-width:0px;
 +
border-style:none;
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border-color:#230672;
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/*"""""""" (SUB) Hover State""""""""*/
 +
#qm0 div a:hover
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{
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background-color:#476DD5;
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color:#FFFFFF;
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text-decoration:none;
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/*"""""""" (SUB) Hover State - (duplicated for pure CSS)""""""""*/
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#qm0 ul li:hover>a
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{
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background-color:#476DD5;
 +
color:#FFFFFF;
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text-decoration:none;
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}
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 +
#qm0 div .qmparent, #qm0 ul .qmparent
 +
{
 +
background-image:url(qmimages/arrow_0.gif);
 +
}
 +
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 +
/*"""""""" (SUB) Active State""""""""*/
 +
body #qm0 div .qmactive, body #qm0 div .qmactive:hover
 +
{
 +
background-color:#476DD5;
 +
background-image:url(qmimages/arrow_1.gif);
 +
color:#FFFFFF;
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}
 +
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 +
/*"""""""" Individual Titles""""""""*/
 +
#qm0 .qmtitle
 +
{
 +
margin:2px 5px 5px 5px;
 +
color:#222222;
 +
font-family:Arial;
 +
font-size:11px;
 +
font-weight:bold;
 +
}
 +
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 +
/*"""""""" Individual Horizontal Dividers""""""""*/
 +
#qm0 .qmdividerx
 +
{
 +
border-top-width:1px;
 +
margin:4px 5px 4px 5px;
 +
border-color:#999999;
 +
}
 +
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 +
/*"""""""" Custom Rule""""""""*/
 +
ul#qm0 ul
 +
{
 +
width:100%;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" Custom Rule""""""""*/
 +
ul#qm0 li:hover > a.qmparent
 +
{
 +
background-image:url(qmimages/arrow_1.gif);
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
</style>
 +
 +
<!-- Add-On Core Code (Remove when not using any add-on's) -->
 +
<style type="text/css">.qmfv{visibility:visible !important;}.qmfh{visibility:hidden !important;}</style><script type="text/javascript">if (!window.qmad){qmad=new Object();qmad.binit="";qmad.bvis="";qmad.bhide="";}</script>
 +
 +
<!-- Add-On Settings -->
 +
<script type="text/JavaScript">
 +
 +
/*******  Menu 0 Add-On Settings *******/
 +
var a = qmad.qm0 = new Object();
 +
 +
// Match Widths Add On
 +
a.mwidths_active = true;
 +
 +
// IE Over Select Fix Add On
 +
a.overselects_active = true;
 +
 +
</script>
 +
 +
<!-- Core QuickMenu Code -->
 +
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 +
 +
<!-- Add-On Code: IE Over Select Fix -->
 +
<script type="text/javascript">/* <![CDATA[ */if(window.showHelp&&!window.XMLHttpRequest){if(qmad.bvis.indexOf("qm_over_select(b.cdiv);")==-1){qmad.bvis+="qm_over_select(b.cdiv);";qmad.bhide+="qm_over_select(a,1);";}};function qm_over_select(a,hide){var z;if((z=window.qmv)&&(z=z.addons)&&(z=z.over_select)&&!z["on"+qm_index(a)])return;if(!a.settingsid){var v=a;while(!qm_a(v))v=v[qp];a.settingsid=v.id;}var ss=qmad[a.settingsid];if(!ss)return;if(!ss.overselects_active)return;if(!hide&&!a.hasselectfix){var f=document.createElement("IFRAME");f.style.position="absolute";f.style.filter="alpha(opacity=0)";f.src="javascript:false;";f=a.parentNode.appendChild(f);f.frameborder=0;a.hasselectfix=f;}var b=a.hasselectfix;if(b){if(hide)b.style.display="none";else {var oxy=0;if(a.hasshadow&&a.hasshadow.style.visibility=="inherit")oxy=parseInt(ss.shadow_offset);if(!oxy)oxy=0;b.style.width=a.offsetWidth+oxy;b.style.height=a.offsetHeight+oxy;b.style.top=a.style.top;b.style.left=a.style.left;b.style.margin=a.currentStyle.margin;b.style.display="block";}}}/* ]]> */</script>
 +
</head>
 +
<body>
 +
<ul id="qm0" class="qmmc">
 +
 +
<li><a href="https://2009.igem.org/Team:Lethbridge">Home</a></li>
 +
<li><a href="https://2009.igem.org/Team:Lethbridge/Project">Top of Page</a></li>
 +
<li class="qmclear">&nbsp;</li></ul>
 +
 +
<!-- Create Menu Settings: (Menu ID, Is Vertical, Show Timer, Hide Timer, On Click (options: 'all' * 'all-always-open' * 'main' * 'lev2'), Right to Left, Horizontal Subs, Flush Left, Flush Top) -->
 +
<script type="text/javascript">qm_create(0,false,0,500,false,false,false,false,false);</script>
 +
</body>
 +
</html>
 +
 +
===pTetT-EYFP===
 +
Score = 1247 bits (2868),  Expect = 0.0
 +
 +
Identities = 717/717 (100%), Gaps = 0/717 (0%)
 +
 +
Strand=Plus/Plus
 +
 +
 +
===pSB-N-terminus===
 +
 +
Score = 60.0 bits (30),  Expect = 1e-15
 +
 +
Identities = 30/30 (100%), Gaps = 0/30 (0%)
 +
 +
Strand=Plus/Plus
 +
 +
Query  10 
 +
 +
ATGCGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGC  39
 +
         
 +
Sbjct  1 
 +
 +
ATGCGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGC  30
 +
 +
 +
Score = 54.0 bits (27),  Expect = 6e-14
 +
 +
Identities = 27/27 (100%), Gaps = 0/27 (0%)
 +
 +
Strand=Plus/Plus
 +
 +
Query  16 
 +
 +
CGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGC  42
 +
       
 +
Sbjct  4 
 +
 +
CGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGC  30
 +
 +
===pSB - C-terminus===
 +
 +
>lcl|20071
 +
 +
Length=30
 +
 +
Score = 60.0 bits (30),  Expect = 1e-15
 +
 +
Identities = 30/30 (100%), Gaps = 0/30 (0%)
 +
 +
Strand=Plus/Plus
 +
 +
Query  12 
 +
 +
CGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGCTAA  41
 +
       
 +
Sbjct  1 
 +
 +
CGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGCTAA  30
 +
 +
<html>
 +
<head>
 +
 +
<!--%%%%%%%%%%%% QuickMenu Styles [Keep in head for full validation!] %%%%%%%%%%%-->
 +
<style type="text/css">
 +
 +
 +
/*!!!!!!!!!!! QuickMenu Core CSS [Do Not Modify!] !!!!!!!!!!!!!*/
 +
.qmmc .qmdivider{display:block;font-size:1px;border-width:0px;border-style:solid;position:relative;z-index:1;}.qmmc .qmdividery{float:left;width:0px;}.qmmc .qmtitle{display:block;cursor:default;white-space:nowrap;position:relative;z-index:1;}.qmclear {font-size:1px;height:0px;width:0px;clear:left;line-height:0px;display:block;float:none !important;}.qmmc {position:relative;zoom:1;z-index:10;}.qmmc a, .qmmc li {float:left;display:block;white-space:nowrap;position:relative;z-index:1;}.qmmc div a, .qmmc ul a, .qmmc ul li {float:none;}.qmsh div a {float:left;}.qmmc div{visibility:hidden;position:absolute;}.qmmc .qmcbox{cursor:default;display:block;position:relative;z-index:1;}.qmmc .qmcbox a{display:inline;}.qmmc .qmcbox div{float:none;position:static;visibility:inherit;left:auto;}.qmmc li {z-index:auto;}.qmmc ul {left:-10000px;position:absolute;z-index:10;}.qmmc, .qmmc ul {list-style:none;padding:0px;margin:0px;}.qmmc li a {float:none;}.qmmc li:hover>ul{left:auto;}#qm0 ul {top:100%;}#qm0 ul li:hover>ul{top:0px;left:100%;}
 +
 +
 +
/*!!!!!!!!!!! QuickMenu Styles [Please Modify!] !!!!!!!!!!!*/
 +
 +
 +
/* QuickMenu 0 */
 +
 +
/*"""""""" (MAIN) Container""""""""*/
 +
#qm0
 +
{
 +
width:auto;
 +
background-color:transparent;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" (MAIN) Items""""""""*/
 +
#qm0 a
 +
{
 +
padding:5px 60px 3px 0px;
 +
margin:0px 5px 0px 0px;
 +
color:#FFD600;
 +
font-family:Arial;
 +
font-size:12px;
 +
text-decoration:none;
 +
font-weight:bold;
 +
border-width:0px 0px 8px 0px;
 +
border-style:solid;
 +
border-color:#FFD600;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" (MAIN) Hover State""""""""*/
 +
#qm0 a:hover
 +
{
 +
color:#3C13AF;
 +
border-color:#FFAD00;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" (MAIN) Hover State - (duplicated for pure CSS)""""""""*/
 +
#qm0 li:hover>a
 +
{
 +
color:#3C13AF;
 +
border-color:#FFAD00;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" (MAIN) Parent Items""""""""*/
 +
#qm0 .qmparent
 +
{
 +
background-repeat:no-repeat;
 +
background-position:95% 50%;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" (MAIN) Active State""""""""*/
 +
body #qm0 .qmactive, body #qm0 .qmactive:hover
 +
{
 +
color:#3C13AF;
 +
text-decoration:none;
 +
border-color:#FFAD00;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" (SUB) Container""""""""*/
 +
#qm0 div, #qm0 ul
 +
{
 +
padding:10px 5px 10px 5px;
 +
background-color:#EEEEEE;
 +
border-width:1px;
 +
border-style:solid;
 +
border-color:#3C13AF;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" (SUB) Items""""""""*/
 +
#qm0 div a, #qm0 ul a
 +
{
 +
padding:3px 5px 3px 5px;
 +
background-color:transparent;
 +
color:#230672;
 +
font-size:11px;
 +
font-weight:normal;
 +
border-width:0px;
 +
border-style:none;
 +
border-color:#230672;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" (SUB) Hover State""""""""*/
 +
#qm0 div a:hover
 +
{
 +
background-color:#476DD5;
 +
color:#FFFFFF;
 +
text-decoration:none;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" (SUB) Hover State - (duplicated for pure CSS)""""""""*/
 +
#qm0 ul li:hover>a
 +
{
 +
background-color:#476DD5;
 +
color:#FFFFFF;
 +
text-decoration:none;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" (SUB) Parent Items""""""""*/
 +
#qm0 div .qmparent, #qm0 ul .qmparent
 +
{
 +
background-image:url(qmimages/arrow_0.gif);
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" (SUB) Active State""""""""*/
 +
body #qm0 div .qmactive, body #qm0 div .qmactive:hover
 +
{
 +
background-color:#476DD5;
 +
background-image:url(qmimages/arrow_1.gif);
 +
color:#FFFFFF;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" Individual Titles""""""""*/
 +
#qm0 .qmtitle
 +
{
 +
margin:2px 5px 5px 5px;
 +
color:#222222;
 +
font-family:Arial;
 +
font-size:11px;
 +
font-weight:bold;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" Individual Horizontal Dividers""""""""*/
 +
#qm0 .qmdividerx
 +
{
 +
border-top-width:1px;
 +
margin:4px 5px 4px 5px;
 +
border-color:#999999;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" Custom Rule""""""""*/
 +
ul#qm0 ul
 +
{
 +
width:100%;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" Custom Rule""""""""*/
 +
ul#qm0 li:hover > a.qmparent
 +
{
 +
background-image:url(qmimages/arrow_1.gif);
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
</style>
 +
 +
<!-- Add-On Core Code (Remove when not using any add-on's) -->
 +
<style type="text/css">.qmfv{visibility:visible !important;}.qmfh{visibility:hidden !important;}</style><script type="text/javascript">if (!window.qmad){qmad=new Object();qmad.binit="";qmad.bvis="";qmad.bhide="";}</script>
 +
 +
<!-- Add-On Settings -->
 +
<script type="text/JavaScript">
 +
 +
/*******  Menu 0 Add-On Settings *******/
 +
var a = qmad.qm0 = new Object();
 +
 +
// Match Widths Add On
 +
a.mwidths_active = true;
 +
 +
// IE Over Select Fix Add On
 +
a.overselects_active = true;
 +
 +
</script>
 +
 +
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<script type="text/javascript">/* <![CDATA[ */if(window.showHelp&&!window.XMLHttpRequest){if(qmad.bvis.indexOf("qm_over_select(b.cdiv);")==-1){qmad.bvis+="qm_over_select(b.cdiv);";qmad.bhide+="qm_over_select(a,1);";}};function qm_over_select(a,hide){var z;if((z=window.qmv)&&(z=z.addons)&&(z=z.over_select)&&!z["on"+qm_index(a)])return;if(!a.settingsid){var v=a;while(!qm_a(v))v=v[qp];a.settingsid=v.id;}var ss=qmad[a.settingsid];if(!ss)return;if(!ss.overselects_active)return;if(!hide&&!a.hasselectfix){var f=document.createElement("IFRAME");f.style.position="absolute";f.style.filter="alpha(opacity=0)";f.src="javascript:false;";f=a.parentNode.appendChild(f);f.frameborder=0;a.hasselectfix=f;}var b=a.hasselectfix;if(b){if(hide)b.style.display="none";else {var oxy=0;if(a.hasshadow&&a.hasshadow.style.visibility=="inherit")oxy=parseInt(ss.shadow_offset);if(!oxy)oxy=0;b.style.width=a.offsetWidth+oxy;b.style.height=a.offsetHeight+oxy;b.style.top=a.style.top;b.style.left=a.style.left;b.style.margin=a.currentStyle.margin;b.style.display="block";}}}/* ]]> */</script>
 +
</head>
 +
<body>
 +
<ul id="qm0" class="qmmc">
 +
 +
<li><a href="https://2009.igem.org/Team:Lethbridge">Home</a></li>
 +
<li><a href="https://2009.igem.org/Team:Lethbridge/Project">Top of Page</a></li>
 +
<li class="qmclear">&nbsp;</li></ul>
 +
 +
<!-- Create Menu Settings: (Menu ID, Is Vertical, Show Timer, Hide Timer, On Click (options: 'all' * 'all-always-open' * 'main' * 'lev2'), Right to Left, Horizontal Subs, Flush Left, Flush Top) -->
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<script type="text/javascript">qm_create(0,false,0,500,false,false,false,false,false);</script>
 +
</body>
 +
</html>
 +
 +
===pBAD-TetR-CEYFP-dT===
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 +
Score =  275 bits (143),  Expect = 1e-77
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 +
Identities = 143/143 (100%), Gaps = 0/143 (0%)
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 +
Strand=Plus/Plus
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 +
Query  139  TACTAGAGCCAGGCATCAAATAAAACGAAAGGCTCAGTCGAAAGACTGGGCCTTTCGTTT  198
 +
     
 +
Sbjct  704  TACTAGAGCCAGGCATCAAATAAAACGAAAGGCTCAGTCGAAAGACTGGGCCTTTCGTTT  763
 +
 +
 +
Query  199  TATCTGTTGTTTGTCGGTGAACGCTCTCTACTAGAGTCACACTGGCTCACCTTCGGGTGG  258
 +
       
 +
Sbjct  764  TATCTGTTGTTTGTCGGTGAACGCTCTCTACTAGAGTCACACTGGCTCACCTTCGGGTGG  823
 +
 +
 +
Query  259  GCCTTTCTGCGTTTATATACTAG  281
 +
     
 +
Sbjct  824  GCCTTTCTGCGTTTATATACTAG  846
 +
 +
===pBAD-TetR-NEYFP-dT===
 +
 +
Score = 41.1 bits (21),  Expect = 5e-07
 +
 +
Identities = 21/21 (100%), Gaps = 0/21 (0%)
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 +
Strand=Plus/Minus
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 +
Query  197  CATCTAGTATTTCTCCTCTTT  217
 +
       
 +
Sbjct  21  CATCTAGTATTTCTCCTCTTT  1
 +
 +
===C-terminal ECFP-dT===
 +
 +
Score = 41.1 bits (21),  Expect = 4e-07
 +
 +
Identities = 21/21 (100%), Gaps = 0/21 (0%)
 +
 +
Strand=Plus/Plus
 +
 +
Query  116  GGCATGGACGAGCTGTACAAG  136
 +
           
 +
Sbjct  697  GGCATGGACGAGCTGTACAAG  717
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 +
 +
Score = 29.5 bits (15),  Expect = 0.001
 +
 +
Identities = 15/15 (100%), Gaps = 0/15 (0%)
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 +
Strand=Plus/Plus
 +
 +
Query  147  GACGAGCTGTACAAG  161
 +
           
 +
Sbjct  703  GACGAGCTGTACAAG  717
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 +
<html>
 +
<head>
 +
 +
<!--%%%%%%%%%%%% QuickMenu Styles [Keep in head for full validation!] %%%%%%%%%%%-->
 +
<style type="text/css">
 +
 +
 +
/*!!!!!!!!!!! QuickMenu Core CSS [Do Not Modify!] !!!!!!!!!!!!!*/
 +
.qmmc .qmdivider{display:block;font-size:1px;border-width:0px;border-style:solid;position:relative;z-index:1;}.qmmc .qmdividery{float:left;width:0px;}.qmmc .qmtitle{display:block;cursor:default;white-space:nowrap;position:relative;z-index:1;}.qmclear {font-size:1px;height:0px;width:0px;clear:left;line-height:0px;display:block;float:none !important;}.qmmc {position:relative;zoom:1;z-index:10;}.qmmc a, .qmmc li {float:left;display:block;white-space:nowrap;position:relative;z-index:1;}.qmmc div a, .qmmc ul a, .qmmc ul li {float:none;}.qmsh div a {float:left;}.qmmc div{visibility:hidden;position:absolute;}.qmmc .qmcbox{cursor:default;display:block;position:relative;z-index:1;}.qmmc .qmcbox a{display:inline;}.qmmc .qmcbox div{float:none;position:static;visibility:inherit;left:auto;}.qmmc li {z-index:auto;}.qmmc ul {left:-10000px;position:absolute;z-index:10;}.qmmc, .qmmc ul {list-style:none;padding:0px;margin:0px;}.qmmc li a {float:none;}.qmmc li:hover>ul{left:auto;}#qm0 ul {top:100%;}#qm0 ul li:hover>ul{top:0px;left:100%;}
 +
 +
 +
/*!!!!!!!!!!! QuickMenu Styles [Please Modify!] !!!!!!!!!!!*/
 +
 +
 +
/* QuickMenu 0 */
 +
 +
/*"""""""" (MAIN) Container""""""""*/
 +
#qm0
 +
{
 +
width:auto;
 +
background-color:transparent;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" (MAIN) Items""""""""*/
 +
#qm0 a
 +
{
 +
padding:5px 60px 3px 0px;
 +
margin:0px 5px 0px 0px;
 +
color:#FFD600;
 +
font-family:Arial;
 +
font-size:12px;
 +
text-decoration:none;
 +
font-weight:bold;
 +
border-width:0px 0px 8px 0px;
 +
border-style:solid;
 +
border-color:#FFD600;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" (MAIN) Hover State""""""""*/
 +
#qm0 a:hover
 +
{
 +
color:#3C13AF;
 +
border-color:#FFAD00;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" (MAIN) Hover State - (duplicated for pure CSS)""""""""*/
 +
#qm0 li:hover>a
 +
{
 +
color:#3C13AF;
 +
border-color:#FFAD00;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" (MAIN) Parent Items""""""""*/
 +
#qm0 .qmparent
 +
{
 +
background-repeat:no-repeat;
 +
background-position:95% 50%;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" (MAIN) Active State""""""""*/
 +
body #qm0 .qmactive, body #qm0 .qmactive:hover
 +
{
 +
color:#3C13AF;
 +
text-decoration:none;
 +
border-color:#FFAD00;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" (SUB) Container""""""""*/
 +
#qm0 div, #qm0 ul
 +
{
 +
padding:10px 5px 10px 5px;
 +
background-color:#EEEEEE;
 +
border-width:1px;
 +
border-style:solid;
 +
border-color:#3C13AF;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" (SUB) Items""""""""*/
 +
#qm0 div a, #qm0 ul a
 +
{
 +
padding:3px 5px 3px 5px;
 +
background-color:transparent;
 +
color:#230672;
 +
font-size:11px;
 +
font-weight:normal;
 +
border-width:0px;
 +
border-style:none;
 +
border-color:#230672;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" (SUB) Hover State""""""""*/
 +
#qm0 div a:hover
 +
{
 +
background-color:#476DD5;
 +
color:#FFFFFF;
 +
text-decoration:none;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" (SUB) Hover State - (duplicated for pure CSS)""""""""*/
 +
#qm0 ul li:hover>a
 +
{
 +
background-color:#476DD5;
 +
color:#FFFFFF;
 +
text-decoration:none;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" (SUB) Parent Items""""""""*/
 +
#qm0 div .qmparent, #qm0 ul .qmparent
 +
{
 +
background-image:url(qmimages/arrow_0.gif);
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" (SUB) Active State""""""""*/
 +
body #qm0 div .qmactive, body #qm0 div .qmactive:hover
 +
{
 +
background-color:#476DD5;
 +
background-image:url(qmimages/arrow_1.gif);
 +
color:#FFFFFF;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" Individual Titles""""""""*/
 +
#qm0 .qmtitle
 +
{
 +
margin:2px 5px 5px 5px;
 +
color:#222222;
 +
font-family:Arial;
 +
font-size:11px;
 +
font-weight:bold;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" Individual Horizontal Dividers""""""""*/
 +
#qm0 .qmdividerx
 +
{
 +
border-top-width:1px;
 +
margin:4px 5px 4px 5px;
 +
border-color:#999999;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" Custom Rule""""""""*/
 +
ul#qm0 ul
 +
{
 +
width:100%;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" Custom Rule""""""""*/
 +
ul#qm0 li:hover > a.qmparent
 +
{
 +
background-image:url(qmimages/arrow_1.gif);
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
</style>
 +
 +
<!-- Add-On Core Code (Remove when not using any add-on's) -->
 +
<style type="text/css">.qmfv{visibility:visible !important;}.qmfh{visibility:hidden !important;}</style><script type="text/javascript">if (!window.qmad){qmad=new Object();qmad.binit="";qmad.bvis="";qmad.bhide="";}</script>
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<!-- Add-On Settings -->
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<script type="text/JavaScript">
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/*******  Menu 0 Add-On Settings *******/
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var a = qmad.qm0 = new Object();
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// Match Widths Add On
 +
a.mwidths_active = true;
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// IE Over Select Fix Add On
 +
a.overselects_active = true;
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</script>
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<!-- Core QuickMenu Code -->
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 +
<!-- Add-On Code: Match Widths -->
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<script type="text/javascript">/* <![CDATA[ */qmad.mwidths=new Object();if(qmad.bvis.indexOf("qm_mwidths_a(b.cdiv,o);")==-1)qmad.bvis+="qm_mwidths_a(b.cdiv,o);";;function qm_mwidths_a(sub,item){var z;if((z=window.qmv)&&(z=z.addons)&&(z=z.match_widths)&&!z["on"+qm_index(sub)])return;var ss;if(!item.settingsid){var v=item;while((v=v.parentNode)){if(v.className.indexOf("qmmc")+1){item.settingsid=v.id;break;}}}ss=qmad[item.settingsid];if(!ss)return;if(!ss.mwidths_active)return;if(qm_a(item.parentNode)){var t=0;t+=qm_getcomputedstyle(sub,"padding-left","paddingLeft");t+=qm_getcomputedstyle(sub,"padding-right","paddingRight");t+=qm_getcomputedstyle(sub,"border-left-width","borderLeftWidth");t+=qm_getcomputedstyle(sub,"border-right-width","borderRightWidth");var adj=0;adj=item.getAttribute("matchwidthadjust");if(adj)adj=parseInt(adj);if(!adj||isNaN(adj))adj=0;sub.style.width=(item.offsetWidth-t+adj)+"px";var a=sub.childNodes;for(var i=0;i<a.length;i++){if(a[i].tagName=="A")a[i].style.whiteSpace="normal";}}};function qm_getcomputedstyle(obj,sname,jname){var v;if(document.defaultView&&document.defaultView.getComputedStyle)v=document.defaultView.getComputedStyle(obj,null).getPropertyValue(sname);else  if(obj.currentStyle)v=obj.currentStyle[jname];if(v&&!isNaN(v=parseInt(v)))return v;else return 0;}/* ]]> */</script>
 +
 +
<!-- Add-On Code: IE Over Select Fix -->
 +
<script type="text/javascript">/* <![CDATA[ */if(window.showHelp&&!window.XMLHttpRequest){if(qmad.bvis.indexOf("qm_over_select(b.cdiv);")==-1){qmad.bvis+="qm_over_select(b.cdiv);";qmad.bhide+="qm_over_select(a,1);";}};function qm_over_select(a,hide){var z;if((z=window.qmv)&&(z=z.addons)&&(z=z.over_select)&&!z["on"+qm_index(a)])return;if(!a.settingsid){var v=a;while(!qm_a(v))v=v[qp];a.settingsid=v.id;}var ss=qmad[a.settingsid];if(!ss)return;if(!ss.overselects_active)return;if(!hide&&!a.hasselectfix){var f=document.createElement("IFRAME");f.style.position="absolute";f.style.filter="alpha(opacity=0)";f.src="javascript:false;";f=a.parentNode.appendChild(f);f.frameborder=0;a.hasselectfix=f;}var b=a.hasselectfix;if(b){if(hide)b.style.display="none";else {var oxy=0;if(a.hasshadow&&a.hasshadow.style.visibility=="inherit")oxy=parseInt(ss.shadow_offset);if(!oxy)oxy=0;b.style.width=a.offsetWidth+oxy;b.style.height=a.offsetHeight+oxy;b.style.top=a.style.top;b.style.left=a.style.left;b.style.margin=a.currentStyle.margin;b.style.display="block";}}}/* ]]> */</script>
 +
</head>
 +
<body>
 +
<ul id="qm0" class="qmmc">
 +
 +
<li><a href="https://2009.igem.org/Team:Lethbridge">Home</a></li>
 +
<li><a href="https://2009.igem.org/Team:Lethbridge/Project">Top of Page</a></li>
 +
<li class="qmclear">&nbsp;</li></ul>
 +
 +
<!-- Create Menu Settings: (Menu ID, Is Vertical, Show Timer, Hide Timer, On Click (options: 'all' * 'all-always-open' * 'main' * 'lev2'), Right to Left, Horizontal Subs, Flush Left, Flush Top) -->
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<script type="text/javascript">qm_create(0,false,0,500,false,false,false,false,false);</script>
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</body>
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</html>
 +
 +
===C-terminal EYFP-dT===
 +
 +
Score = 19.9 bits (10),  Expect = 0.80
 +
 +
Identities = 10/10 (100%), Gaps = 0/10 (0%)
 +
 +
Strand=Plus/Plus
 +
 +
Query  659  GAAGTTCATC  668
 +
           
 +
Sbjct  135  GAAGTTCATC  144
 +
 +
 +
Score = 18.0 bits (9),  Expect = 3.0
 +
 +
Identities = 9/9 (100%), Gaps = 0/9 (0%)
 +
 +
Strand=Plus/Plus
 +
 +
Query  714  ACAGCCACA  722
 +
       
 +
Sbjct  440  ACAGCCACA  448
 +
 +
 +
===mRBS-N-terminal ECFP===
 +
 +
Score =  335 bits (174),  Expect = 1e-95
 +
 +
Identities = 178/180 (98%), Gaps = 0/180 (0%)
 +
 +
Strand=Plus/Minus
 +
 +
Query  135  GGTGAGCAAGGGCACGGGCAGCTTGCCGGTGGTGCAGATGAACTTCAGGGTCAGCTTGCC  194
 +
       
 +
Sbjct  180  GGTGGGCCAGGGCACGGGCAGCTTGCCGGTGGTGCAGATGAACTTCAGGGTCAGCTTGCC  121
 +
 +
 +
Query  195  GTAGGTGGCATCGCCCTCGCCCTCGCCGGACACGCTGAACTTGTGGCCGTTCACGTCGCC  254
 +
         
 +
Sbjct  120  GTAGGTGGCATCGCCCTCGCCCTCGCCGGACACGCTGAACTTGTGGCCGTTCACGTCGCC  61
 +
 +
 +
Query  255  GTCCAGCTCGACCAGGATGGGCACCACCCCGGTGAACAGCTCCTCGCCCTTGCTCACCAT  314
 +
         
 +
Sbjct  60  GTCCAGCTCGACCAGGATGGGCACCACCCCGGTGAACAGCTCCTCGCCCTTGCTCACCAT  1
 +
 +
 +
===mRBS-N-terminal EYFP===
 +
 +
Score = 1379 bits (717),  Expect = 0.0
 +
 +
Identities = 717/717 (100%), Gaps = 0/717 (0%)
 +
 +
Strand=Plus/Plus
 +
 +
Query  147  ATGGTGAGCAAGGGCGAGGAGCTGTTCACCGGGGTGGTGCCCATCCTGGTCGAGCTGGAC  206
 +
       
 +
Sbjct  1    ATGGTGAGCAAGGGCGAGGAGCTGTTCACCGGGGTGGTGCCCATCCTGGTCGAGCTGGAC  60
 +
 +
 +
Query  207  GGCGACGTAAACGGCCACAAGTTCAGCGTGTCCGGCGAGGGCGAGGGCGATGCCACCTAC  266
 +
           
 +
Sbjct  61  GGCGACGTAAACGGCCACAAGTTCAGCGTGTCCGGCGAGGGCGAGGGCGATGCCACCTAC  120
 +
 +
 +
Query  267  GGCAAGCTGACCCTGAAGTTCATCTGCACCACCGGCAAGCTGCCCGTGCCCTGGCCCACC  326
 +
         
 +
Sbjct  121  GGCAAGCTGACCCTGAAGTTCATCTGCACCACCGGCAAGCTGCCCGTGCCCTGGCCCACC  180
 +
 +
 +
Query  327  CTCGTGACCACCTTCGGCTACGGCCTGCAATGCTTCGCCCGCTACCCCGACCACATGAAG  386
 +
       
 +
Sbjct  181  CTCGTGACCACCTTCGGCTACGGCCTGCAATGCTTCGCCCGCTACCCCGACCACATGAAG  240
 +
 +
 +
Query  387  CTGCACGACTTCTTCAAGTCCGCCATGCCCGAAGGCTACGTCCAGGAGCGCACCATCTTC  446
 +
         
 +
Sbjct  241  CTGCACGACTTCTTCAAGTCCGCCATGCCCGAAGGCTACGTCCAGGAGCGCACCATCTTC  300
 +
 +
 +
Query  447  TTCAAGGACGACGGCAACTACAAGACCCGCGCCGAGGTGAAGTTCGAGGGCGACACCCTG  506
 +
       
 +
Sbjct  301  TTCAAGGACGACGGCAACTACAAGACCCGCGCCGAGGTGAAGTTCGAGGGCGACACCCTG  360
 +
 +
 +
Query  507  GTGAACCGCATCGAGCTGAAGGGCATCGACTTCAAGGAGGACGGCAACATCCTGGGGCAC  566
 +
           
 +
Sbjct  361  GTGAACCGCATCGAGCTGAAGGGCATCGACTTCAAGGAGGACGGCAACATCCTGGGGCAC  420
 +
 +
 +
Query  567  AAGCTGGAGTACAACTACAACAGCCACAACGTCTATATCATGGCCGACAAGCAGAAGAAC  626
 +
         
 +
Sbjct  421  AAGCTGGAGTACAACTACAACAGCCACAACGTCTATATCATGGCCGACAAGCAGAAGAAC  480
 +
 +
 +
Query  627  GGCATCAAGGTGAACTTCAAGATCCGCCACAACATCGAGGACGGCAGCGTGCAGCTCGCC  686
 +
         
 +
Sbjct  481  GGCATCAAGGTGAACTTCAAGATCCGCCACAACATCGAGGACGGCAGCGTGCAGCTCGCC  540
 +
 +
 +
Query  687  GACCACTACCAGCAGAACACCCCCATCGGCGACGGCCCCGTGCTGCTGCCCGACAACCAC  746
 +
           
 +
Sbjct  541  GACCACTACCAGCAGAACACCCCCATCGGCGACGGCCCCGTGCTGCTGCCCGACAACCAC  600
 +
 +
 +
Query  747  TACCTGAGCTACCAGTCCGCCCTGAGCAAAGACCCCAACGAGAAGCGCGATCACATGGTC  806
 +
         
 +
Sbjct  601  TACCTGAGCTACCAGTCCGCCCTGAGCAAAGACCCCAACGAGAAGCGCGATCACATGGTC  660
 +
 +
 +
Query  807  CTGCTGGAGTTCGTGACCGCCGCCGGGATCACTCTCGGCATGGACGAGCTGTACAAG  863
 +
           
 +
Sbjct  661  CTGCTGGAGTTCGTGACCGCCGCCGGGATCACTCTCGGCATGGACGAGCTGTACAAG  717
 +
 +
 +
 +
 +
<html>
 +
<head>
 +
 +
<!--%%%%%%%%%%%% QuickMenu Styles [Keep in head for full validation!] %%%%%%%%%%%-->
 +
<style type="text/css">
 +
 +
 +
/*!!!!!!!!!!! QuickMenu Core CSS [Do Not Modify!] !!!!!!!!!!!!!*/
 +
.qmmc .qmdivider{display:block;font-size:1px;border-width:0px;border-style:solid;position:relative;z-index:1;}.qmmc .qmdividery{float:left;width:0px;}.qmmc .qmtitle{display:block;cursor:default;white-space:nowrap;position:relative;z-index:1;}.qmclear {font-size:1px;height:0px;width:0px;clear:left;line-height:0px;display:block;float:none !important;}.qmmc {position:relative;zoom:1;z-index:10;}.qmmc a, .qmmc li {float:left;display:block;white-space:nowrap;position:relative;z-index:1;}.qmmc div a, .qmmc ul a, .qmmc ul li {float:none;}.qmsh div a {float:left;}.qmmc div{visibility:hidden;position:absolute;}.qmmc .qmcbox{cursor:default;display:block;position:relative;z-index:1;}.qmmc .qmcbox a{display:inline;}.qmmc .qmcbox div{float:none;position:static;visibility:inherit;left:auto;}.qmmc li {z-index:auto;}.qmmc ul {left:-10000px;position:absolute;z-index:10;}.qmmc, .qmmc ul {list-style:none;padding:0px;margin:0px;}.qmmc li a {float:none;}.qmmc li:hover>ul{left:auto;}#qm0 ul {top:100%;}#qm0 ul li:hover>ul{top:0px;left:100%;}
 +
 +
 +
/*!!!!!!!!!!! QuickMenu Styles [Please Modify!] !!!!!!!!!!!*/
 +
 +
 +
/* QuickMenu 0 */
 +
 +
/*"""""""" (MAIN) Container""""""""*/
 +
#qm0
 +
{
 +
width:auto;
 +
background-color:transparent;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" (MAIN) Items""""""""*/
 +
#qm0 a
 +
{
 +
padding:5px 60px 3px 0px;
 +
margin:0px 5px 0px 0px;
 +
color:#FFD600;
 +
font-family:Arial;
 +
font-size:12px;
 +
text-decoration:none;
 +
font-weight:bold;
 +
border-width:0px 0px 8px 0px;
 +
border-style:solid;
 +
border-color:#FFD600;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" (MAIN) Hover State""""""""*/
 +
#qm0 a:hover
 +
{
 +
color:#3C13AF;
 +
border-color:#FFAD00;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" (MAIN) Hover State - (duplicated for pure CSS)""""""""*/
 +
#qm0 li:hover>a
 +
{
 +
color:#3C13AF;
 +
border-color:#FFAD00;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" (MAIN) Parent Items""""""""*/
 +
#qm0 .qmparent
 +
{
 +
background-repeat:no-repeat;
 +
background-position:95% 50%;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" (MAIN) Active State""""""""*/
 +
body #qm0 .qmactive, body #qm0 .qmactive:hover
 +
{
 +
color:#3C13AF;
 +
text-decoration:none;
 +
border-color:#FFAD00;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" (SUB) Container""""""""*/
 +
#qm0 div, #qm0 ul
 +
{
 +
padding:10px 5px 10px 5px;
 +
background-color:#EEEEEE;
 +
border-width:1px;
 +
border-style:solid;
 +
border-color:#3C13AF;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" (SUB) Items""""""""*/
 +
#qm0 div a, #qm0 ul a
 +
{
 +
padding:3px 5px 3px 5px;
 +
background-color:transparent;
 +
color:#230672;
 +
font-size:11px;
 +
font-weight:normal;
 +
border-width:0px;
 +
border-style:none;
 +
border-color:#230672;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" (SUB) Hover State""""""""*/
 +
#qm0 div a:hover
 +
{
 +
background-color:#476DD5;
 +
color:#FFFFFF;
 +
text-decoration:none;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" (SUB) Hover State - (duplicated for pure CSS)""""""""*/
 +
#qm0 ul li:hover>a
 +
{
 +
background-color:#476DD5;
 +
color:#FFFFFF;
 +
text-decoration:none;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" (SUB) Parent Items""""""""*/
 +
#qm0 div .qmparent, #qm0 ul .qmparent
 +
{
 +
background-image:url(qmimages/arrow_0.gif);
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" (SUB) Active State""""""""*/
 +
body #qm0 div .qmactive, body #qm0 div .qmactive:hover
 +
{
 +
background-color:#476DD5;
 +
background-image:url(qmimages/arrow_1.gif);
 +
color:#FFFFFF;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" Individual Titles""""""""*/
 +
#qm0 .qmtitle
 +
{
 +
margin:2px 5px 5px 5px;
 +
color:#222222;
 +
font-family:Arial;
 +
font-size:11px;
 +
font-weight:bold;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" Individual Horizontal Dividers""""""""*/
 +
#qm0 .qmdividerx
 +
{
 +
border-top-width:1px;
 +
margin:4px 5px 4px 5px;
 +
border-color:#999999;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" Custom Rule""""""""*/
 +
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 +
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<style type="text/css">.qmfv{visibility:visible !important;}.qmfh{visibility:hidden !important;}</style><script type="text/javascript">if (!window.qmad){qmad=new Object();qmad.binit="";qmad.bvis="";qmad.bhide="";}</script>
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 +
<!-- Add-On Code: IE Over Select Fix -->
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 +
</head>
 +
<body>
 +
<ul id="qm0" class="qmmc">
 +
 +
<li><a href="https://2009.igem.org/Team:Lethbridge">Home</a></li>
 +
<li><a href="https://2009.igem.org/Team:Lethbridge/Project">Top of Page</a></li>
 +
<li class="qmclear">&nbsp;</li></ul>
 +
 +
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<script type="text/javascript">qm_create(0,false,0,500,false,false,false,false,false);</script>
 +
</body>
 +
</html>
 +
 +
===Overexpression===
 +
 +
[[Image:RiboCheZconstruct1.png|600px|center]]
 +
 +
Figure 1:A SDS-PAGE gel of the overexpression of cheZ protein (50kDa). DH5 cells containing cheZ gene were inoculated in a 250mL LB media at 37oC, and the culture was induced with 1mM theothylline after the absorbance reached 0.6 a.u. at 600nm. The samples were collected every one hour after induction. The protein sample appears to be a monomer.
 +
 +
 +
[[Image:Riboswitch1.png|600px|center]]
 +
Figure 2:A growth curve for the overexpression of cheZ protein in DH5 cells. Arrow indicates the time when the culture was induced with 1mM theothylline.
 +
 +
<html>
 +
 +
<div align=center>
 +
<head>
 +
 +
<!--%%%%%%%%%%%% QuickMenu Styles [Keep in head for full validation!] %%%%%%%%%%%-->
 +
<style type="text/css">
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 +
 +
/*!!!!!!!!!!! QuickMenu Core CSS [Do Not Modify!] !!!!!!!!!!!!!*/
 +
.qmmc .qmdivider{display:block;font-size:1px;border-width:0px;border-style:solid;position:relative;z-index:1;}.qmmc .qmdividery{float:left;width:0px;}.qmmc .qmtitle{display:block;cursor:default;white-space:nowrap;position:relative;z-index:1;}.qmclear {font-size:1px;height:0px;width:0px;clear:left;line-height:0px;display:block;float:none !important;}.qmmc {position:relative;zoom:1;z-index:10;}.qmmc a, .qmmc li {float:left;display:block;white-space:nowrap;position:relative;z-index:1;}.qmmc div a, .qmmc ul a, .qmmc ul li {float:none;}.qmsh div a {float:left;}.qmmc div{visibility:hidden;position:absolute;}.qmmc .qmcbox{cursor:default;display:block;position:relative;z-index:1;}.qmmc .qmcbox a{display:inline;}.qmmc .qmcbox div{float:none;position:static;visibility:inherit;left:auto;}.qmmc li {z-index:auto;}.qmmc ul {left:-10000px;position:absolute;z-index:10;}.qmmc, .qmmc ul {list-style:none;padding:0px;margin:0px;}.qmmc li a {float:none;}.qmmc li:hover>ul{left:auto;}#qm0 ul {top:100%;}#qm0 ul li:hover>ul{top:0px;left:100%;}
 +
 +
 +
/*!!!!!!!!!!! QuickMenu Styles [Please Modify!] !!!!!!!!!!!*/
 +
 +
 +
/* QuickMenu 0 */
 +
 +
/*"""""""" (MAIN) Container""""""""*/
 +
#qm0
 +
{
 +
width:auto;
 +
background-color:transparent;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" (MAIN) Items""""""""*/
 +
#qm0 a
 +
{
 +
padding:5px 60px 3px 0px;
 +
margin:0px 5px 0px 0px;
 +
color:#FFD600;
 +
font-family:Arial;
 +
font-size:12px;
 +
text-decoration:none;
 +
font-weight:bold;
 +
border-width:0px 0px 8px 0px;
 +
border-style:solid;
 +
border-color:#FFD600;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" (MAIN) Hover State""""""""*/
 +
#qm0 a:hover
 +
{
 +
color:#3C13AF;
 +
border-color:#FFAD00;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" (MAIN) Hover State - (duplicated for pure CSS)""""""""*/
 +
#qm0 li:hover>a
 +
{
 +
color:#3C13AF;
 +
border-color:#FFAD00;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" (MAIN) Parent Items""""""""*/
 +
#qm0 .qmparent
 +
{
 +
background-repeat:no-repeat;
 +
background-position:95% 50%;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" (MAIN) Active State""""""""*/
 +
body #qm0 .qmactive, body #qm0 .qmactive:hover
 +
{
 +
color:#3C13AF;
 +
text-decoration:none;
 +
border-color:#FFAD00;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" (SUB) Container""""""""*/
 +
#qm0 div, #qm0 ul
 +
{
 +
padding:10px 5px 10px 5px;
 +
background-color:#EEEEEE;
 +
border-width:1px;
 +
border-style:solid;
 +
border-color:#3C13AF;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" (SUB) Items""""""""*/
 +
#qm0 div a, #qm0 ul a
 +
{
 +
padding:3px 5px 3px 5px;
 +
background-color:transparent;
 +
color:#230672;
 +
font-size:11px;
 +
font-weight:normal;
 +
border-width:0px;
 +
border-style:none;
 +
border-color:#230672;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" (SUB) Hover State""""""""*/
 +
#qm0 div a:hover
 +
{
 +
background-color:#476DD5;
 +
color:#FFFFFF;
 +
text-decoration:none;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" (SUB) Hover State - (duplicated for pure CSS)""""""""*/
 +
#qm0 ul li:hover>a
 +
{
 +
background-color:#476DD5;
 +
color:#FFFFFF;
 +
text-decoration:none;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" (SUB) Parent Items""""""""*/
 +
#qm0 div .qmparent, #qm0 ul .qmparent
 +
{
 +
background-image:url(qmimages/arrow_0.gif);
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" (SUB) Active State""""""""*/
 +
body #qm0 div .qmactive, body #qm0 div .qmactive:hover
 +
{
 +
background-color:#476DD5;
 +
background-image:url(qmimages/arrow_1.gif);
 +
color:#FFFFFF;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" Individual Titles""""""""*/
 +
#qm0 .qmtitle
 +
{
 +
margin:2px 5px 5px 5px;
 +
color:#222222;
 +
font-family:Arial;
 +
font-size:11px;
 +
font-weight:bold;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" Individual Horizontal Dividers""""""""*/
 +
#qm0 .qmdividerx
 +
{
 +
border-top-width:1px;
 +
margin:4px 5px 4px 5px;
 +
border-color:#999999;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" Custom Rule""""""""*/
 +
ul#qm0 ul
 +
{
 +
width:100%;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*"""""""" Custom Rule""""""""*/
 +
ul#qm0 li:hover > a.qmparent
 +
{
 +
background-image:url(qmimages/arrow_1.gif);
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
</style>
 +
 +
<!-- Add-On Core Code (Remove when not using any add-on's) -->
 +
<style type="text/css">.qmfv{visibility:visible !important;}.qmfh{visibility:hidden !important;}</style><script type="text/javascript">if (!window.qmad){qmad=new Object();qmad.binit="";qmad.bvis="";qmad.bhide="";}</script>
 +
 +
<!-- Add-On Settings -->
 +
<script type="text/JavaScript">
 +
 +
/*******  Menu 0 Add-On Settings *******/
 +
var a = qmad.qm0 = new Object();
 +
 +
// Match Widths Add On
 +
a.mwidths_active = true;
 +
 +
// IE Over Select Fix Add On
 +
a.overselects_active = true;
 +
 +
</script>
 +
 +
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Latest revision as of 03:57, 22 October 2009


Igembanner.jpg

Project Details

Many of the metabolic processes in eukaryotic cells are localized to various subcellular compartments. For example, transcription of mRNA from DNA is localized in the nucleus; post-translational modification and folding of proteins occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum (Voet et al., 2004).
YFP CFP Lumazine1.png
This essentially segregates and regulates these processes. However, bacteria lack distinct organelles, and as such, many metabolic processes intermingle. Engineering an artificial organelle, capable of containing metabolic proteins, in bacteria would thus represent a fundamental advance in biotechnology. Towards this end, the University of Lethbridge iGEM team is working towards producing microcompartments from the lumazine synthase gene, which forms 60 subunit icosahedral capsids (Seebeck et al., 2006).

By generating a highly negative interior to the microcompartment, we hope to be able to target fluorescent proteins tagged with positively charged termini to the interior of the microcompartment (Figure 1). Utilizing fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) between cyan and yellow fluorescent proteins, we will demonstrate the co-localization of these two proteins into the microcompartment.

Nanoparticles2.png

For the future application of this technology we are working towards the targeting of proteins from the photosynthetic pathway into the microcompartment to optimize a biological photosynthetic fuel cell. The segregation of proteins and metabolites increases the efficiency of cellular processes and following this theme, we are working towards creating uniform nanoparticles Through the segregation of Mms6 protein within Escherichia coli (Figure 2). (Prozorov et al., 2007).

We have also created a novel tool, the N and C terminus phusion vectors (BBa_K249004 and BBa_K249005) which will allow the targeting of any protein into the lumazine microcompartment. These vectors are an important highlight of the team's project, as they create a straightforward method for introducing the positively charged arginine tail onto any protein using standard biobrick assembly methods.



References

Prozorov, T., Mallapragada, S. K., Narasimhan, B., Wang, L., Palo, P., Nilsen-Hamilton, M., Williams, T. J., Bazylinski, D. A., Prozorov, R., and Canfield, P. C. (2007). Protein-mediated synthesis of uniform superparamagnetic magnetite nanocrystals. Adv. Funct. Mater. Advanced Functional Materials. 17, 951-957

Seebeck, F. P., Woycechowsky, K. J., Zhuang, W., Rabe, J. P., and Hilvert, D., (2006). A simple tagging system for protein encapulation. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 128, 4516-4517

Voet, D., and Voet, J.G., (2004). Biochemistry 3rd Edition. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.



The Experiments

Gene expression

The expression of a particular gene can be detected by measuring the amount of the protein product at different time points. The gene must be controlled in some sort of regulatory manner for expression to be calculable. The gene must be transformed into an expression cell strain, typically BL21 for E. coli. The cells are grown to an OD of 0.6. At this point the regulatory chemical is added to induce or repress the protein’s expression. Samples of the culture are taken at different time points. The cells are opened up and the contents are examined via some visualization technique, typically SDS-PAGE. We intend to view the expression of the following constructs in this manner.

  • pLacI:sRBS:mms6:dT (induced with IPTG)
  • pLacI:sRBS:Lumazine Synthase:dT (induced with IPTG)
  • pStrong:Riboswitch:cheZ:dT (induced with Theophylline)
  • pStrong:Riboswitch:GFP:dT (induced with Theophylline)
  • pBAD:RBS:TetR:dT:pTetR:mRBS:N-EYFP:dT (repressed with Arabinose)
  • pBAD:RBS:TetR:dT:pTetR:mRBS:C-EYFP:dT (repressed with Arabinose)
  • pBAD:RBS:TetR:dT:pTetR:mRBS:N-ECFP:dT (repressed with Arabinose)
  • pBAD:RBS:TetR:dT:pTetR:mRBS:C-ECFP:dT (repressed with Arabinose)

For the repressible constructs, as the repression of a protein is far more difficult to detect than the overexpression of a protein we intend to use fluorescence as our measurable, since in each case the protein which is repressed is a fluorescent protein. This is done in the same manner, as the expression, with samples of the culture being taken at different time points. Since we are unsure whether the intrinsic fluorescence of the cell will interfere with our measurements, we will measure the fluorescence of samples where the cells have been opened, as well as samples where they have not been opened (taken from the same culture, at the same time point). By measuring the change in fluorescence of the cells (or cell lysate) we can measure the effect of repression on the gene.

Motility Assay

The pStrong:Riboswitch:cheZ:dT construct is designed as a regulated motility construct. This gene has been designed to introduce regulated motility, to our motility knockout strain of E. coli, RP1616. In order to determine the mobility of our bacteria, we will qualitatively measure the apparent mobility of our bug in the absence and the presence of different concentrations of theophylline. We intend to do this in several different ways.

The first of which is simply a motility test. We will stab some of our bacteria into a motility media, in order to determine whether or not our bacteria are motile. A control of regular DH5a cells will be used as well.

The second is to plate the RP1616 cells with the motility construct on Plates containing different concentrations of theophylline. The cells which are plated where no theophylline is present are not expected to migrate from their original placement; Cells plated on relatively low concentrations (0.1 µM theophylline) are expected to migrate only slightly; and cells plated at moderate concentrations of theophylline (1 µM) are expected to migrate a fair distance; cells which are plated at concentration above the threshold for survival (1.5 – 2.0 µM) are not expected to survive.

The third method for determining relative motility is to view the movement of the cells via a microscope. Control cells (DH5a) are expected to have superb motility; RP1616 cells transformed with the motility construct are expected to behave differently at different concentrations of theophylline. Cells where no theophylline is present are expected to experience on a tumbling-like motion. Cells where low concentrations of theophylline are present are expected to mostly tumble, but some running is expected. Cells which are present under moderate concentrations of theophylline are expected to exhibit mostly a running motion. Cells which are present at theophylline concentrations above the threshold for survival are not expected to exhibit any motility whatsoever.

Electron microscopy

The Magnetite nanoparticle producing construct, pLacI:sRBS:mms6:dT, is expected to produce uniform nanoparticles. In order to visualize the size and shape of the nanoparticles we intend to use electron microscopy. With the aid of the electron microscope it is possible to visualize particles on the nanoscale. For this we will need to overexpress the protein (see gene expression) with IPTG. The magnetite, Fe3O4, nanoparticles form in the presence of FeCl2. Varying concentrations of FeCl2 will be added to the cells. After 24 hours, the cells will be opened up using chemical, mechanical and chemical/mechanical techniques, in order to determine if this poses any significant difference on the nanoparticles themselves. The nanoparticles are insoluble, and therefore can be filtered off from the cell lysate and washed. There are different types of filters which can be used to collect nanoparticles, we will use thin polycarbonate membrane as our filter of choice since the nanoparticles which we expect to obtain are on the smaller scale (6-20 nm in diameter). We will then place the sample under the electron microscope to visualize our magnetite nanoparticles.

Fluorescence

Fluorescence will be used to determine the localization of a single fluorescent protein within our microcompartments. In order to do this, we will have to overexpress our Lumazine microcompartments using IPTG. Since we are not sure if the microcompartments from around our proteins, or if the proteins are targeted into the microcompartments we will perform the experiment in two different ways.

  1. The lumazine synthase will be induced and the microcompartments will be allowed to form while the expression of the fluorescent protein (either YFP or CFP) is repressed using the Tetracycline inverter, which we have chosen to induce with the pBAD promoter (controlled by the presence of Arabinose). An arabinose pulse is added to repress the expression of the fluorescent protein, after some time, the arabinose will be used up and natural expression of the fluorescent protein will occur.
  2. The lumazine synthase will be induced and the microcompartments will be allowed to form while expression of the fluorescent protein is allowed to take place. No arabinose is added.

The cells will then be visualized in the fluorimeter. In order to determine if the fluorescent proteins are localized with the microcompartments, it may be useful to visualize the cells with the aid of a confocal microscope. This will allow us to determine if the fluorescence is localized to specific points with the cells.

FRET

YFP CFP fret2.png

Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer, FRET will be used to determine the colocalization of two fluorescent proteins within the microcompartment. Yellow Fluorescent Protein (YFP) and Cyan Fluorescent Protein (CFP) are FRET pairs and are thus perfect for this application. The way that FRET works is that a donor molecule, in this case CFP, is excited by the application of an initial wavelength. The excited CFP emits fluorescence energy at a wavelength similar to that at which the acceptor molecule, in this case YFP, is excited. The fluorescence energy is thus transferred from molecule to another at that resonance wavelength. The acceptor molecule then emits fluorescence energy of its own at a wavelength which is distinguishable from the rest of the excitation and emission wavelengths. The energy transfer is distance dependent. If the two molecules are close in proximity (1 – 10 nm) the energy is transferred efficiently. The further away the two molecules are, the less efficient the energy transfer, and finally if the two molecules are too far away (more than 10 nm apart) the energy will not be transferred at all. CFP is excited at 436 nm, and emits fluorescence energy at 480 nm. YFP is excited at 514 nm and emits fluorescence energy at 538 nm. If the two fluorescent proteins are colocalized within the microcompartment, then one would expect that efficient fluorescence energy transfer would occur. If the two proteins are not colocalized, then one would expect not to see any fluorescent energy transfer. In order to show fluorescence energy transfer, the intrinsic fluorescence of the cell will be used as a background, and the fluorescence of CFP alone in the cell will be compared to the fluorescence of CFP alone inside the microcompartment.

RiPS measurements

In a similar way, fluorescence can be used to assess the theophylline riboswitch and rpsA TIR efficiencies, by generating values for the Ribosome initiation per second (or RiPS).

  • pStrong:Riboswitch:GFP:dT
  • pStrong:rpsA TIR:GFP:dT

Both the riboswitch and TIR act as alternative Ribosomal Binding Sites (RBS), by using GFP as the expression portion of these constructs it is possible to provide a calculation for the RiPS of these two parts. The parts are inserted in a RiPS generating plasmid (GFP producing plasmid). The fluorescence of GFP can be quantitatively measured using a fluorimeter. The fluorescence of GFP is measured over time and the Rise time, and expression time of the fluorescence is measured. These values are imported into a modelling program and the value for RiPS is generated for each of these parts. In order to measure the RiPS for the theophylline riboswitch, GFP’s fluorescence must be measured under varying concentrations of theophylline (0.1 µM, 0.25 µM, 0.5 µM, 0.75 µM, 1.0 µM, 1.25 µM, 1.5 µM and 2.0 µM). In order to measure the RiPS for the rspA TIR, GFP’s fluorescence must be measure under various stress conditions (i.e. Minimal media, heat, cold, various toxins, etc).

Results

Fluorescence

Two constructs (EYFP with either N- or C-terminal 10Arg (10R) tags) were characterized by the following procedure, either in the presence or absence of 0.4% w/v arabinose.

Briefly, 5 mL cultures (LB + 10 mg/mL ampicillin, with or without 0.4 % w/v arabinose) were inoculated with 1 mL of previously prepared culture of E. coli DH5α containing the EYFP constructs. After 1 hour growth at 37 °C (with shaking), 1 mL of the culture was harvested. Cells were centrifuged (13500 g, 5 min) and resuspended in 1 mL of either 8 M urea or buffer TAKM7 (50 mM Tris-Cl pH 7.5 at room temperature, 30 mM NH4Cl, 70 mM KCl, 7 mM MgCl2) containing 1 mg/mL lysozyme. Following a 10 min incubation at room temperature, cell debris was removed by centrifugation (13500 g, 5 min). The fluorescence of the resulting clear cell debris was determined using a Varian Cary Eclipse Fluorescence Spectrophotometer in quartz cuvettes, referenced with respect to the background fluorescence of either 8 M urea or buffer TAKM7. The fluorescence of EYFP was excited at 514 nm; the fluorescence emission was measured through 5 nm slits from 520 to 600 nm. The results are summarized below:

Results fig 11.png


Results fig 21.png

















These results indicate that cells express either N- or C-terminal 10R tagged YFP, as shown by an increase in the fluorescence of cleared cell lysates. This fluorescence can be removed by treating cell lysates with 8 M urea, which would denature the protein, reducing the fluorescence of the lysate. This is demonstrated by a change of 10 fluorescence units between total cellular proteins under native conditions compared to denaturing conditions.


Sequencing

Lumazine (K249002)

Score = 809 bits (1860), Expect = 0.0

Identities = 465/465 (100%), Gaps = 0/465 (0%)

Strand=Plus/Plus

Query 112 ATGCAGATTTATGAAGGCAAACTGACCGCGGAAGGCCTGCGCTTTGGCATTGTGGCGAGC 171

Sbjct 1 ATGCAGATTTATGAAGGCAAACTGACCGCGGAAGGCCTGCGCTTTGGCATTGTGGCGAGC 60


Query 172 CGCTTTAACCATGCGCTGGTGGATCGCCTGGTGGAAGGCGCGATTGATTGCATTGTGCGC 231

Sbjct 61 CGCTTTAACCATGCGCTGGTGGATCGCCTGGTGGAAGGCGCGATTGATTGCATTGTGCGC 120


Query 232 CATGGTGGTCGCGAAGAAGATATTACCCTGGTGCGCGTGCCGGGCAGCTGGGAAATTCCG 291

Sbjct 121 CATGGTGGTCGCGAAGAAGATATTACCCTGGTGCGCGTGCCGGGCAGCTGGGAAATTCCG 180


Query 292 GTGGCGGCGGGCGAACTGGCGCGCAAAGAAGATATTGATGCGGTGATTGCGATTGGCGTG 351

Sbjct 181 GTGGCGGCGGGCGAACTGGCGCGCAAAGAAGATATTGATGCGGTGATTGCGATTGGCGTG 240


Query 352 CTGATTGAAGGCGCGGAACCGCATTTTGATTATATTGCGAGCGAAGTGAGCAAAGGCCTG 411

Sbjct 241 CTGATTGAAGGCGCGGAACCGCATTTTGATTATATTGCGAGCGAAGTGAGCAAAGGCCTG 300


Query 412 GCGAACCTGAGCCTGGAACTGCGCAAACCGATTACCTTTGGCGTGATTACCGCGGATGAA 471

Sbjct 301 GCGAACCTGAGCCTGGAACTGCGCAAACCGATTACCTTTGGCGTGATTACCGCGGATGAA 360


Query 472 CTGGAAGAAGCGATTGAACGCGCGGGCACCAAACATGGCAACAAAGGCTGGGAAGCGGCG 531

Sbjct 361 CTGGAAGAAGCGATTGAACGCGCGGGCACCAAACATGGCAACAAAGGCTGGGAAGCGGCG 420


Query 532 CTGAGCGCGATTGAAATGGCGAACCTGTTTAAAAGCCTGCGCTAG 576

Sbjct 421 CTGAGCGCGATTGAAATGGCGAACCTGTTTAAAAGCCTGCGCTAG 465

Lumazine-dT (S042....)

>lcl|33723

Length=465

Score = 809 bits (1860), Expect = 0.0

Identities = 465/465 (100%), Gaps = 0/465 (0%)

Strand=Plus/Plus

Query 108 ATGCAGATTTATGAAGGCAAACTGACCGCGGAAGGCCTGCGCTTTGGCATTGTGGCGAGC 167

Sbjct 1 ATGCAGATTTATGAAGGCAAACTGACCGCGGAAGGCCTGCGCTTTGGCATTGTGGCGAGC 60


Query 168 CGCTTTAACCATGCGCTGGTGGATCGCCTGGTGGAAGGCGCGATTGATTGCATTGTGCGC 227

Sbjct 61 CGCTTTAACCATGCGCTGGTGGATCGCCTGGTGGAAGGCGCGATTGATTGCATTGTGCGC 120


Query 228 CATGGTGGTCGCGAAGAAGATATTACCCTGGTGCGCGTGCCGGGCAGCTGGGAAATTCCG 287

Sbjct 121 CATGGTGGTCGCGAAGAAGATATTACCCTGGTGCGCGTGCCGGGCAGCTGGGAAATTCCG 180


Query 288 GTGGCGGCGGGCGAACTGGCGCGCAAAGAAGATATTGATGCGGTGATTGCGATTGGCGTG 347

Sbjct 181 GTGGCGGCGGGCGAACTGGCGCGCAAAGAAGATATTGATGCGGTGATTGCGATTGGCGTG 240


Query 348 CTGATTGAAGGCGCGGAACCGCATTTTGATTATATTGCGAGCGAAGTGAGCAAAGGCCTG 407

Sbjct 241 CTGATTGAAGGCGCGGAACCGCATTTTGATTATATTGCGAGCGAAGTGAGCAAAGGCCTG 300


Query 408 GCGAACCTGAGCCTGGAACTGCGCAAACCGATTACCTTTGGCGTGATTACCGCGGATGAA 467

Sbjct 301 GCGAACCTGAGCCTGGAACTGCGCAAACCGATTACCTTTGGCGTGATTACCGCGGATGAA 360


Query 468 CTGGAAGAAGCGATTGAACGCGCGGGCACCAAACATGGCAACAAAGGCTGGGAAGCGGCG 527

Sbjct 361 CTGGAAGAAGCGATTGAACGCGCGGGCACCAAACATGGCAACAAAGGCTGGGAAGCGGCG 420


Query 528 CTGAGCGCGATTGAAATGGCGAACCTGTTTAAAAGCCTGCGCTAG 572

Sbjct 421 CTGAGCGCGATTGAAATGGCGAACCTGTTTAAAAGCCTGCGCTAG 465


pBAD-TetR inverter

Score = 17.3 bits (36), Expect = 6.6

Identities = 509/509 (100%), Gaps = 0/509 (0%)

Strand=Plus/Minus

pTetT-EYFP

Score = 1247 bits (2868), Expect = 0.0

Identities = 717/717 (100%), Gaps = 0/717 (0%)

Strand=Plus/Plus


pSB-N-terminus

Score = 60.0 bits (30), Expect = 1e-15

Identities = 30/30 (100%), Gaps = 0/30 (0%)

Strand=Plus/Plus

Query 10

ATGCGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGC 39

Sbjct 1

ATGCGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGC 30


Score = 54.0 bits (27), Expect = 6e-14

Identities = 27/27 (100%), Gaps = 0/27 (0%)

Strand=Plus/Plus

Query 16

CGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGC 42

Sbjct 4

CGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGC 30

pSB - C-terminus

>lcl|20071

Length=30

Score = 60.0 bits (30), Expect = 1e-15

Identities = 30/30 (100%), Gaps = 0/30 (0%)

Strand=Plus/Plus

Query 12

CGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGCTAA 41

Sbjct 1

CGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGCTAA 30

pBAD-TetR-CEYFP-dT

Score = 275 bits (143), Expect = 1e-77

Identities = 143/143 (100%), Gaps = 0/143 (0%)

Strand=Plus/Plus

Query 139 TACTAGAGCCAGGCATCAAATAAAACGAAAGGCTCAGTCGAAAGACTGGGCCTTTCGTTT 198

Sbjct 704 TACTAGAGCCAGGCATCAAATAAAACGAAAGGCTCAGTCGAAAGACTGGGCCTTTCGTTT 763


Query 199 TATCTGTTGTTTGTCGGTGAACGCTCTCTACTAGAGTCACACTGGCTCACCTTCGGGTGG 258

Sbjct 764 TATCTGTTGTTTGTCGGTGAACGCTCTCTACTAGAGTCACACTGGCTCACCTTCGGGTGG 823


Query 259 GCCTTTCTGCGTTTATATACTAG 281

Sbjct 824 GCCTTTCTGCGTTTATATACTAG 846

pBAD-TetR-NEYFP-dT

Score = 41.1 bits (21), Expect = 5e-07

Identities = 21/21 (100%), Gaps = 0/21 (0%)

Strand=Plus/Minus

Query 197 CATCTAGTATTTCTCCTCTTT 217

Sbjct 21 CATCTAGTATTTCTCCTCTTT 1

C-terminal ECFP-dT

Score = 41.1 bits (21), Expect = 4e-07

Identities = 21/21 (100%), Gaps = 0/21 (0%)

Strand=Plus/Plus

Query 116 GGCATGGACGAGCTGTACAAG 136

Sbjct 697 GGCATGGACGAGCTGTACAAG 717


Score = 29.5 bits (15), Expect = 0.001

Identities = 15/15 (100%), Gaps = 0/15 (0%)

Strand=Plus/Plus

Query 147 GACGAGCTGTACAAG 161

Sbjct 703 GACGAGCTGTACAAG 717

C-terminal EYFP-dT

Score = 19.9 bits (10), Expect = 0.80

Identities = 10/10 (100%), Gaps = 0/10 (0%)

Strand=Plus/Plus

Query 659 GAAGTTCATC 668

Sbjct 135 GAAGTTCATC 144


Score = 18.0 bits (9), Expect = 3.0

Identities = 9/9 (100%), Gaps = 0/9 (0%)

Strand=Plus/Plus

Query 714 ACAGCCACA 722

Sbjct 440 ACAGCCACA 448


mRBS-N-terminal ECFP

Score = 335 bits (174), Expect = 1e-95

Identities = 178/180 (98%), Gaps = 0/180 (0%)

Strand=Plus/Minus

Query 135 GGTGAGCAAGGGCACGGGCAGCTTGCCGGTGGTGCAGATGAACTTCAGGGTCAGCTTGCC 194

Sbjct 180 GGTGGGCCAGGGCACGGGCAGCTTGCCGGTGGTGCAGATGAACTTCAGGGTCAGCTTGCC 121


Query 195 GTAGGTGGCATCGCCCTCGCCCTCGCCGGACACGCTGAACTTGTGGCCGTTCACGTCGCC 254

Sbjct 120 GTAGGTGGCATCGCCCTCGCCCTCGCCGGACACGCTGAACTTGTGGCCGTTCACGTCGCC 61


Query 255 GTCCAGCTCGACCAGGATGGGCACCACCCCGGTGAACAGCTCCTCGCCCTTGCTCACCAT 314

Sbjct 60 GTCCAGCTCGACCAGGATGGGCACCACCCCGGTGAACAGCTCCTCGCCCTTGCTCACCAT 1


mRBS-N-terminal EYFP

Score = 1379 bits (717), Expect = 0.0

Identities = 717/717 (100%), Gaps = 0/717 (0%)

Strand=Plus/Plus

Query 147 ATGGTGAGCAAGGGCGAGGAGCTGTTCACCGGGGTGGTGCCCATCCTGGTCGAGCTGGAC 206

Sbjct 1 ATGGTGAGCAAGGGCGAGGAGCTGTTCACCGGGGTGGTGCCCATCCTGGTCGAGCTGGAC 60


Query 207 GGCGACGTAAACGGCCACAAGTTCAGCGTGTCCGGCGAGGGCGAGGGCGATGCCACCTAC 266

Sbjct 61 GGCGACGTAAACGGCCACAAGTTCAGCGTGTCCGGCGAGGGCGAGGGCGATGCCACCTAC 120


Query 267 GGCAAGCTGACCCTGAAGTTCATCTGCACCACCGGCAAGCTGCCCGTGCCCTGGCCCACC 326

Sbjct 121 GGCAAGCTGACCCTGAAGTTCATCTGCACCACCGGCAAGCTGCCCGTGCCCTGGCCCACC 180


Query 327 CTCGTGACCACCTTCGGCTACGGCCTGCAATGCTTCGCCCGCTACCCCGACCACATGAAG 386

Sbjct 181 CTCGTGACCACCTTCGGCTACGGCCTGCAATGCTTCGCCCGCTACCCCGACCACATGAAG 240


Query 387 CTGCACGACTTCTTCAAGTCCGCCATGCCCGAAGGCTACGTCCAGGAGCGCACCATCTTC 446

Sbjct 241 CTGCACGACTTCTTCAAGTCCGCCATGCCCGAAGGCTACGTCCAGGAGCGCACCATCTTC 300


Query 447 TTCAAGGACGACGGCAACTACAAGACCCGCGCCGAGGTGAAGTTCGAGGGCGACACCCTG 506

Sbjct 301 TTCAAGGACGACGGCAACTACAAGACCCGCGCCGAGGTGAAGTTCGAGGGCGACACCCTG 360


Query 507 GTGAACCGCATCGAGCTGAAGGGCATCGACTTCAAGGAGGACGGCAACATCCTGGGGCAC 566

Sbjct 361 GTGAACCGCATCGAGCTGAAGGGCATCGACTTCAAGGAGGACGGCAACATCCTGGGGCAC 420


Query 567 AAGCTGGAGTACAACTACAACAGCCACAACGTCTATATCATGGCCGACAAGCAGAAGAAC 626

Sbjct 421 AAGCTGGAGTACAACTACAACAGCCACAACGTCTATATCATGGCCGACAAGCAGAAGAAC 480


Query 627 GGCATCAAGGTGAACTTCAAGATCCGCCACAACATCGAGGACGGCAGCGTGCAGCTCGCC 686

Sbjct 481 GGCATCAAGGTGAACTTCAAGATCCGCCACAACATCGAGGACGGCAGCGTGCAGCTCGCC 540


Query 687 GACCACTACCAGCAGAACACCCCCATCGGCGACGGCCCCGTGCTGCTGCCCGACAACCAC 746

Sbjct 541 GACCACTACCAGCAGAACACCCCCATCGGCGACGGCCCCGTGCTGCTGCCCGACAACCAC 600


Query 747 TACCTGAGCTACCAGTCCGCCCTGAGCAAAGACCCCAACGAGAAGCGCGATCACATGGTC 806

Sbjct 601 TACCTGAGCTACCAGTCCGCCCTGAGCAAAGACCCCAACGAGAAGCGCGATCACATGGTC 660


Query 807 CTGCTGGAGTTCGTGACCGCCGCCGGGATCACTCTCGGCATGGACGAGCTGTACAAG 863

Sbjct 661 CTGCTGGAGTTCGTGACCGCCGCCGGGATCACTCTCGGCATGGACGAGCTGTACAAG 717



Overexpression

RiboCheZconstruct1.png

Figure 1:A SDS-PAGE gel of the overexpression of cheZ protein (50kDa). DH5 cells containing cheZ gene were inoculated in a 250mL LB media at 37oC, and the culture was induced with 1mM theothylline after the absorbance reached 0.6 a.u. at 600nm. The samples were collected every one hour after induction. The protein sample appears to be a monomer.


Riboswitch1.png

Figure 2:A growth curve for the overexpression of cheZ protein in DH5 cells. Arrow indicates the time when the culture was induced with 1mM theothylline.