Team:Imperial College London/M2/genes

From 2009.igem.org

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===<b>Colanic Acid Biosynthesis:</b>===
===<b>Colanic Acid Biosynthesis:</b>===
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</p><p class="ecoparagraph">
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<map name="MAP79413">
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<area coords="0,55,32,72" onmouseover="return overlib('RcsAB transcriptional dual regulator activates transcription from associated promoter<br><b>Distance to transcription start site:</b> -105.5 (ranging from -99 to -112)<br>
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<b>Evidence:</b> Binding of purified proteins [Wehland00], Site mutation [Wehland00]');" onmouseout="return nd();">
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<area coords="32,55,64,72" onmouseover="return overlib('RcsAB transcriptional dual regulator activates transcription from associated promoter<br><b>Distance to transcription start site:</b> -78.5 (ranging from -72 to -85)<br>
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<b>Evidence:</b> Gene expression analysis [Ebel99], Automated inference based on similarity to consensus sequences [Ebel99]');" onmouseout="return nd();">
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<area coords="274,41,338,72" onmouseover="return overlib(' <b>Gene:</b>  wzb    G7106    b2061    ECK2055<br><b>Location:</b> 2,133,679 <- 2,134,122  <br> <b>Product:</b> tyrosine phosphatase');" onmouseout="return nd();">
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<area coords="745,41,816,72" onmouseover="return overlib(' <b>Gene:</b>  wcaB    G7103    b2058    ECK2052<br><b>Location:</b> 2,130,091 <- 2,130,579  <br> <b>Product:</b> predicted colanic acid biosynthesis acyl transferase');" onmouseout="return nd();">
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<area coords="631,41,745,72"  onmouseover="return overlib(' <b>Gene:</b>  wcaA    G7104    b2059    ECK2053<br><b>Location:</b> 2,130,582 <- 2,131,421  <br> <b>Product:</b> predicted colanic acid biosynthesis glycosyl transferase');" onmouseout="return nd();">
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<area coords="122,41,274,72" onmouseover="return overlib(' <b>Gene:</b>  wza    G7107    b2062    ECK2056<br><b>Location:</b> 2,134,128 <- 2,135,267  <br> <b>Product:</b> lipoprotein required for capsular polysaccharide translocation through the outer membrane, subunit of capsular polysaccharide export apparatus');" onmouseout="return nd();">
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<area coords="338,41,619,72"  onmouseover="return overlib(' <b>Gene:</b>  wzc    G7105    b2060    ECK2054<br><b>Location:</b> 2,131,514 <- 2,133,676  <br> <b>Product:</b> tyrosine kinase involved in colanic acid biosynthesis, subunit of capsular polysaccharide export apparatus');" onmouseout="return nd();">
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<area coords="16,0,135,89"  onmouseover="return overlib('<b>Operon:</b> wzap (Experim. ev.)  <BR><b>Tr.Activators:</b> (RcsAB)');" onmouseout="return nd();">
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<area coords="0,0,818,89" onmouseover="return overlib('<b>Operon</b>: wza-wzb-wzc-wcaAB<br><b>Synonyms:</b> OP00290, cps, cpsB, cpsGB');" onmouseout="return nd();">
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<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2009/8/89/Op1.gif" usemap="#MAP79413" border="0">
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</html>
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=====<b><i>wcaF</i> </b>=====
=====<b><i>wcaF</i> </b>=====

Revision as of 19:18, 11 October 2009

Contents

RcsB

Background:

RcsB is a transcription factor that forms part of a phosphorelay system. In response to membrane stress, RcsB is phosphorylated into its DNA binding form. In this state, it is able to regulate ~5% of the E.coli genome 4.


The Rcs Phosphorelay System:

In this system, RcsC encodes a membrane bound sensor kinase, while RcsB functions as the response regulator. The protein RcsA is an auxiliary activator protein that heterodimerises with RcsB to induce a mucoid phenotype. Levels of RcsA are controlled by the ATP dependent protease Lon.


RcsB upregulates the following genes:


Colanic Acid Biosynthesis:




wcaF
  • Putative colanic acid biosynthesis acetyltransferase 2
gmd

Codes for GDP-mannose 4,6-dehydratase which is a subunit of GDP-mannose 4,6-dehydratase. This enzyme is involved in colanic acid biosynthesis.

wcaD
  • Predicted colanic acid polymerase
wza
  • This codes for a lipoprotein that is required for colanic acid translocation through the outer membrane. The lipoprotein is a subunit of the capsular polysaccharide export apparatus.
fcl
  • Codes for a subunit of GDP-fucose synthase. This enzyme is involved in colanic acid biosynthesis.




General Protective:

ivy (Inhibitor of Vertebrate lysozyme)
  • Discovered in 2001 as the first bacterial lysozyme inhibitor. This Type-C lysozyme inhibitor resides in the periplasm.1
MilC (Membrane-bound lysozyme inhibitor of Type C lysozyme)
  • This is a lipoprotein that resides in the membrane. 1



OsmC (Osmotically-inducible protein C)
  • This protein provides defense against oxidative stress caused by exposure to organic hydroperoxides. 2 3


KatE
  • Codes for a subunit of heme d synthase / hydroperoxidase. This bacterial catalase protects against osmotic stress.




Global Regulators:

Sra (stationary-phase-induced ribosome-associated)

Sra is a sub-stoichiometric component of the 30S ribosomal subunit that is more abundant at stationary phase than during log phase growth.

rprA

rprA is a gene encoding a small RNA molecule that is involved in the post-transcriptional control of the alternative sigma factor, ("sigma S").


FtsA

FtsA is an essential cell division protein which colocalizes with FtsZ to the septal ring structure.

FtsZ
  • Essential cell division protein.
yfbR
  • dCMP phosphohydrolase


Membrane Proteins:

bdm (biofilm-dependent modulation protein)
OsmB
  • OsmB encodes an outer membrane lipoprotein.
OsmY

Hyperosmotically inducible periplasmic protein

PhnQ
ycfJ
  • Uncharacterized putative inner membrane protein.
ygaC
spy
ymgD
  • Putative periplasmic protein.
ypeC
  • Unknown function


ymgG
YbaY

Predicted outer membrane lipoprotein




References

1) [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19136591 The Rcs two-component system regulates expression of lysozyme inhibitors and is induced by exposure to lysozyme]

2) [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19346340 Gene Expression Induced in Escherichia coli O157:H7 upon Exposure to Model Apple Juice]

3) [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14627744 Structural and functional features of the Escherichia coli hydroperoxide resistance protein OsmC.]

4) [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16153174?ordinalpos=5&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DefaultReportPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum The Rcs phosphorelay: a complex signal transduction system.]































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