Team:Kyoto/GSDD/Introduction

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==Introduction==
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==Motivation==
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===Motivation===
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In genetic engineering, biologists design gene circuits as means to solve their facing problems such as medical problems, environmental problems, food problems, energy problems etc. Then they suppose future implement like injection into human blood stream, scatter across natural environment and something like these. But in many cases those designed cells repeat self reproduction several times and increase its number in the environment. And then sometimes they got unexpected internal errors into their genes, show us unexpected behavior and cause serious problems to its scattering environment. This is one of the most serious problems we biological engineers have to spend sincere efforts by considering every possibility and prevent them happen. But it is quite difficult to propose the effective solution in many cases.
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[[Image:figure(motivation).png|480px|thumb|Fig.1]]
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In synthetic biology field, biologists and bioengineers design and construct a variety of gene circuits to solve their facing problems such as medical, environmental, food, and energy problems. However, it is difficult to control the lifespan of these engineered cells that contain synthetic circuits in many cases: the cells tend to repeat cell division and increase their number in the given environment. Moreover, if point mutations or deletions were introduced into such engineered cells, it may cause serious problems to the natural environment, because they may cause the unexpected behavior (biohazard) against natural living systems. This is the big issue in this field. However, it is difficult to invent an effective approach to control the cell fate of the engineered bacteria.
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For instance, several synthetic biologists aimed to regulate cell population by introducing a negative feedback loops or the other circuits in cells (REF). As a result, they could control the cell populations in some cases. However, these regulations can not precisely control the temporal gene expression depending on cell division. Thus, we aimed to design and construct a system to control the temporal gene expression depending on cell division without using the other factors (e.g., small molecules such as Tetracycline or complicated genetic circuits).  
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Many biologists try to prevent them by using other gene circuits, intending cells population to be regulated by negative feedback loop and then, as a result, they cannot increase its number unlimitedly. But those indirect regulations using other gene circuits are difficult to tune up the parameters to each gene circuit and living environment. (Roughly to say, it is very messy.) So we hope a flexible method to control transformed cell’s behavior without using those obstinate gene regulations.
 
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Latest revision as of 02:56, 22 October 2009

Motivation

Fig.1

In synthetic biology field, biologists and bioengineers design and construct a variety of gene circuits to solve their facing problems such as medical, environmental, food, and energy problems. However, it is difficult to control the lifespan of these engineered cells that contain synthetic circuits in many cases: the cells tend to repeat cell division and increase their number in the given environment. Moreover, if point mutations or deletions were introduced into such engineered cells, it may cause serious problems to the natural environment, because they may cause the unexpected behavior (biohazard) against natural living systems. This is the big issue in this field. However, it is difficult to invent an effective approach to control the cell fate of the engineered bacteria.

For instance, several synthetic biologists aimed to regulate cell population by introducing a negative feedback loops or the other circuits in cells (REF). As a result, they could control the cell populations in some cases. However, these regulations can not precisely control the temporal gene expression depending on cell division. Thus, we aimed to design and construct a system to control the temporal gene expression depending on cell division without using the other factors (e.g., small molecules such as Tetracycline or complicated genetic circuits).

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