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Team:Paris/Production overview Construction
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iGEM > Paris > Production > Overview > Constructions
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Overview
C. Construction
C.1. Creation of OMVs
To create vesicles, we started with a first simple construction only containing the nonfunctional TolR II biobrick placed donwstream a ptet promoter [liens vers la construction - Nom/Freezer] . In the presence of arabinose, the TetR repressor is expressed from the pBad promoter and inhibits the expression of tolRII (Figure a). The addition of tetracycline or of one of its analog, aTc, in the medium relieves the repression thus allowing the production of vesicles (Figure b).
images à refaire hein mon cricri...
For further precisions on the biobricks used as well as the plasmid backbones, please visit our parts design page .
C.2. The delay
Our aim is to send vesicles containg proteins (the "message" in the bubble) inside the medium and we want to wait for the proteins to be present inside the periplasm or on the outer membrane before creaing vesicles. To avoid a premature production of vesicles, we have introduced a delay system inside the plasmids[Liens - Nom/freezer] . This kind of device was studied by Hooshangi & Weiss [Références] using a transcriptional cascade made of two repressor namely TetR and LacI :
Nevertheless, as the pLacI promoter is leaking mettre une ref, we tried to exchange the order of the two repressors to avoid a low but constant expression of TolR. When there is arabinose in the medium, the production of LacI represses the Plac promoter and prevents the creation of TetR ; this way, the Ptet promoter is no longer repressed and GFP is expressed in the medium.
With this design, even if there is some leaky expression of the genes downstream the pLac promoter (when it is repressed), it leads to the creation of TetR and a stronger repression of the pTet promoter.
We also decided to place the pTet+TolRII device upstream the pLac+TetR cassette [Liens - Nom/freezer] ; as a consequence, even if our first terminator is not a 100% efficient, the RNA-polymerase will transcribe the downstream part made of the TetR repressor. This repressor created by accident will then repress the expression of TolRII.
If we had switched these two parts, a bad efficiency of the terminator would have led to the expression of more TolRII which could be dangerous for the cell.
These considerations led us to construct this system :
Notes :
- To get more information on the terminators we use, you can see the description in the registry for:
- [http://partsregistry.org/Part:BBa_B0014 BBa_B0014]
- [http://partsregistry.org/Part:BBa_B0015 BBa_B0015.]
- To read more on terminators, you can also have a look at the registry: [http://partsregistry.org/Help:Terminators Terminators.]
C.3. Caracterisation of the delay
We have started the construction of a system which would allow us to characterize the delay created by our device. In this construction, instead of expressing the proteins we want to send inside the vesicules and the TolRII protein, we express the [http://partsregistry.org/Part:BBa_E0030 YFP] and the RFP respectively. Using fluorescent microscopy, we can try to measure this delay.
As shown on the figure below, once there is arabinose in the medium, the pBad promoter is ON allowing the creation of LacI ; LacI represses the pLac promoter and the TetR protein is no longer expressed. The pTet promoter is ON and RFP is created :
On the other hand, when there is glucose in the medium (and no Arabinose), LacI is no longer produced and the TetR protein is created : there is no more RFP synthetized :
C.4. The LVA tag
The LacI protein is supposed to be quite a stable protein in the cells ; as a way to reduce its half life and thus to decrease the strenght of the plac repression (see modelling part for analytic interpretation), we decided to use a LVA tag on the LacI protein.
The LVA tag is a short peptide sequence added to the C-terminal end of a nucleotide sequence ; in the periplasm, degradation of AANDENYALAA-tagged proteins is known to be the result of the Tsp protese whereas in the cytoplasm, it is due to a Tsp homolog. Mutations in the last three residues of the AANDENYALAA tail alter the protein stability.
These different mutations were studied by Andersen & Molin on the Gfp protein both in E.Coli and P.Putida. In both species, protein including a LVA mutation were the most rapidly degraded. These mutations were also used by Ellowitz and Leibler in the repressilator device in order to obtain an efficient oscillator.
New Stable Variants of Green Fluorescent Protein for Studies of Transient Gene Expression in Bacteria
References
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